Jarvinen TA, Kannus P, Maffulli N, Khan KM. Achilles tendon disorders: etiology and epidemiology. Foot Ankle Clin. 2005;10(2):255–66.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Padhiar N, Acharya N, Chan R, Davinii K, Crisp T, King J, et al. Achilles tendinopathy. Part 1—Pathophysiology and clinical features. SportEX Medicine. 2010;45:23–30.
Google Scholar
Maffulli N. Overuse tendon conditions: time to change a confusing terminology. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 1998;14(8):840–3.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Maffulli N, Sharma P, Luscombe KL. Achilles tendinopathy: aetiology and management. Journal Of The Royal Society Of Medicine. 2004;97(10):472–6.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kader D, Saxena A, Movin T, Maffulli N. Achilles tendinopathy: some aspects of basic science and clinical management. Br J Sports Med. 2002;36(4):239.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Khan KM, Bonar F, Desmond PM, Cook JL, Young DA, Visentini PJ, et al. Patellar tendinosis (jumper’s knee): findings at histopathologic examination, US, and MR imaging. Victorian Institute of Sport Tendon Study Group. Radiology. 1996;200(3):821–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Scott A, Khan K, Cook J, Duronio V. What is “inflammation”? Are we ready to move beyond Celsus? Br J Sports Med. 2004;38(3):248–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Abate M, Silbernagel KG, Siljeholm C, Di Iorio A, De Amicis D, Salini V, et al. Pathogenesis of tendinopathies: inflammation or degeneration? Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(3):235.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cook J, Rio E, Purdam C, Docking S. Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? British journal of sports medicine. 2016:bjsports-2015-095422.
Fu S-C, Rolf C, Cheuk Y-C, Lui PP, Chan K-M. Deciphering the pathogenesis of tendinopathy: a three-stages process. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and. Rehabilitation. 2010;2(1):30.
Google Scholar
Cook J, Purdam CR. Is tendon pathology a continuum? A pathology model to explain the clinical presentation of load-induced tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(6):409–16.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kvist M. Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1991;80(2):188–201.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kvist M. Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Sports Med. 1994;18(3):173–201.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lorimer A, Hume P. Achilles tendon injury risk factors associated with running. Sports Med. 2014;44(10):1459–72.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dias Lopes A, Hespanhol Junior LC, Yeung SS, Pena Costa LO. What are the main running-related musculoskeletal injuries? Sports Med. 2012;42(10):891–905.
Article
Google Scholar
Gaida JE, Cook JL, Bass SL. Adiposity and tendinopathy. Disability & Rehabilitation. 2008;30(20-22):1555–62.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Lewis T, Cook J. Fluoroquinolones and tendinopathy: a guide for athletes and sports clinicians and a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Athletic Training (Allen Press). 2014;49(3):422–7.
Article
Google Scholar
Higgins JP, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: Wiley Online Library. 2008.
Book
Google Scholar
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
GA Wells BS, D O'Connell, J Peterson, V Welch, M Losos, P Tugwell. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. 200 [cited 3 March 2016]; Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp
Sara H, Downs NB. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52:377–84.
Article
Google Scholar
Jeremy Howick ICJLL, Paul Glasziou, Trish Greenhalgh, Carl Heneghan, Alessandro Liberati, Ivan Moschetti, Bob Phillips, Hazel Thornton, Olive Goddard and Mary Hodgkinson. The Oxford levels of evidence 2. 2008 [cited; Available from: http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=5653
Abrahams Y, Laguette MJ, Prince S, Collins M. Polymorphisms within the COL5A1 3′-UTR that alters mRNA structure and the MIR608 gene are associated with Achilles tendinopathy. Ann Hum Genet. 2013;77(3):204–14.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
El Khoury L, Posthumus M, Collins M, Handley CJ, Cook J, Raleigh SM. Polymorphic variation within the ADAMTS2, ADAMTS14, ADAMTS5, ADAM12 and TIMP2 genes and the risk of Achilles tendon pathology: a genetic association study. J Sci Med Sport. 2013;16(6):493–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hay M, Patricios J, Collins R, Branfield A, Cook J, Handley CJ, et al. Association of type XI collagen genes with chronic Achilles tendinopathy in independent populations from South Africa and Australia. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(9):569–74.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mokone GG, Gajjar M, September AV, Schwellnus MP, Greenberg J, Noakes TD, et al. The guanine-thymine dinucleotide repeat polymorphism within the tenascin-C gene is associated with achilles tendon injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(7):1016–21.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mokone GG, Schwellnus MP, Noakes TD, Collins M. The COL5A1 gene and Achilles tendon pathology. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006;16(1):19–26.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nell EM, Van Der Merwe L, Cook J, Handley CJ, Collins M, September AV. The apoptosis pathway and the genetic predisposition to Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Res. 2012;30(11):1719–24.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Posthumus M, Collins M, Cook J, Handley CJ, Ribbans WJ, Smith RKW, et al. Components of the transforming growth factor-β family and the pathogenesis of human achilles tendon pathology—a genetic association study. Rheumatology. 2010;49(11):2090–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Saunders CJ, Van Der Merwe L, Posthumus M, Cook J, Handley CJ, Collins M, et al. Investigation of variants within the COL27A1 and TNC genes and Achilles tendinopathy in two populations. J Orthop Res. 2013;31(4):632–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Raleigh SM. Variants within the MMP3 gene are associated with Achilles tendinopathy: possible interaction with the COL5A1 gene. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(7):514–20.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
September AV, Nell E-M, O'Connell K, Cook J, Handley CJ, Merwe L, et al. A pathway-based approach investigating the genes encoding interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist provides new insight into the genetic susceptibility of Achilles tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(13):1040–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
September AV. Variants within the COL5A1 gene are associated with Achilles tendinopathy in two populations. Br J Sports Med. 2009;43(5):357–65.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
September AV, Posthumus M, Van Der Merwe L, Schwellnus M, Noakes TD, Collins M. The COL12A1 and COL14A1 genes and Achilles tendon injuries. Int J Sports Med. 2008;29(3):257–63.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
El Khoury L, Posthumus M, Collins M, van der Merwe W, Handley C, Cook J, et al. ELN and FBN2 gene variants as risk factors for two sports-related musculoskeletal injuries. Int J Sports Med. 2015;36(4):333–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brown KL, Seale KB, El Khoury LY, Posthumus M, Ribbans WJ, Raleigh SM, et al. Polymorphisms within the COL5A1 gene and regulators of the extracellular matrix modify the risk of Achilles tendon pathology in a British case-control study. Journal Of Sports Sciences. 2016;35(15):1-9.
Gibbon A, Hobbs H, van der Merwe W, Raleigh SM, Cook J, Handley CJ, et al. The MMP3 gene in musculoskeletal soft tissue injury risk profiling: a study in two independent sample groups. Journal Of Sports Sciences. 2016;35(7):655-662.
El Khoury L, Ribbans WJ, Raleigh SM. MMP3 and TIMP2 gene variants as predisposing factors for Achilles tendon pathologies: attempted replication study in a British case-control cohort. Meta Gene. 2016;9:52–5.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rickaby R, El Khoury L, Ribbans WJ, Raleigh SM. Variation within three apoptosis associated genes as potential risk factors for Achilles tendinopathy in a British based case-control cohort. Gene. 2015;571(2):167–71.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Owens BD, Wolf JM, Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Boyko EJ, Smith B, et al. Risk factors for lower extremity tendinopathies in military personnel. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine. 2013;1(1):1–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Abate M, Salini V, Schiavone C. Achilles tendinopathy in elderly subjects with type II diabetes: the role of sport activities. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2015;28(2):355-358.
Longo UG, Rittweger J, Garau G, Radonic B, Gutwasser C, Gilliver SF, et al. No influence of age, gender, weight, height, and impact profile in Achilles tendinopathy in masters track and field athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(7):1400–5.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gaida JE, Alfredson L, Kiss ZS, Wilson AM, Alfredson H, Cook JL. Dyslipidemia in achilles tendinopathy is characteristic of insulin resistance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(6):1194–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gaida JE, Alfredson H, Kiss ZS, Bass SL, Cook JL. Asymptomatic Achilles tendon pathology is associated with a central fat distribution in men and a peripheral fat distribution in women: a cross sectional study of 298 individuals. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:41.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Group OLoEW. The Oxford 2011 levels of evidence. Oxford, UK: Oxford centre for evidence-based medicine; 2011.
Google Scholar
Abate M, Oliva F, Schiavone C, Salini V. Achilles tendinopathy in amateur runners: role of adiposity (tendinopathies and obesity). Muscles, Ligaments And Tendons Journal. 2012;2(1):44–8.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Tilley BJ, Cook JL, Docking SI, Gaida JE. Is higher serum cholesterol associated with altered tendon structure or tendon pain? A systematic review. British journal of sports medicine. 2015:bjsports-2015-095100.
Wright AF. Genetic variation: polymorphisms and mutations. Wiley Online Library. 2005.
Maffulli N, Reaper JA, Waterston SW, Ahya R. ABO blood groups and Achilles tendon rupture in the Grampian region of Scotland. Clin J Sport Med. 2000;10(4):269–71.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Leppilahti J, Puranen J, Orava S. ABO blood group and Achilles tendon rupture. Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1995;1995:369–71.
Google Scholar
Rickert M, Wang H, Wieloch P, Lorenz H, Steck E, Sabo D, et al. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of growth and differentiation factor-5 into tenocytes and the healing rat Achilles tendon. Connect Tissue Res. 2005;46(4-5):175–83.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mansfield JC, Holden H, Tarlow JK, Di Giovine FS, McDowell TL, Wilson AG, et al. Novel genetic association between ulcerative colitis and the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Gasrtoenterology-Baltimore then Philadelphia. 1994;106:637-.
CAS
Google Scholar
Langdahl BL, Løkke E, Carstens M, Stenkjær LL, Eriksen EF. Osteoporotic fractures are associated with an 86‐base pair repeat polymorphism in the interleukin‐1‐receptor antagonist gene but not with polymorphisms in the interleukin‐1β gene. J Bone Miner Res. 2000;15(3):402–14.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Olofsson PS, Sheikine Y, Jatta K, Ghaderi M, Samnegård A, Eriksson P, et al. A functional interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphism influences atherosclerosis development. The interleukin-1 beta: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist balance in atherosclerosis. Circ J. 2009;73(8):1531–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Landvik NE, Hart K, Skaug V, Stangeland LB, Haugen A, Zienolddiny S. A specific interleukin-1B haplotype correlates with high levels of IL1B mRNA in the lung and increased risk of non-small cell lung cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2009;30(7):1186–92.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fishman D, Faulds G, Jeffery R, Mohamed-Ali V, Yudkin JS, Humphries S, et al. The effect of novel polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene on IL-6 transcription and plasma IL-6 levels, and an association with systemic-onset juvenile chronic arthritis. J Clin Investig. 1998;102(7):1369.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Namipashaki A, Razaghi-Moghadam Z, Ansari-Pour N. The essentiality of reporting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium calculations in population-based genetic association studies. Cell Journal (Yakhteh). 2015;17(2):187.
Google Scholar
Scotia N. Explaining odds ratios. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010;19:227.
Article
Google Scholar
Gaida JE, Bagge J, Purdam C, Cook J, Alfredson H, Forsgren S. Evidence of the TNF-α system in the human Achilles tendon: expression of TNF-α and TNF receptor at both protein and mRNA levels in the tenocytes. Cells Tissues Organs. 2012;196(4):339–52.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Porter AG, Jänicke RU. Emerging roles of caspase-3 in apoptosis. Cell Death Differ. 1999;6(2):99–104.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar