Articles

The Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Warmups for Lower Extremity Injury Prevention in Basketball: A Systematic Review

Neuromuscular warmups have gained increasing attention as a means of preventing sports-related injuries, but data on effectiveness in basketball are sparse. The objective of this systematic review was to evalu...

Authors: Anna C. Davis, Nicholas P. Emptage, Dana Pounds, Donna Woo, Robert Sallis, Manuel G. Romero and Adam L. Sharp

Video Analysis and Verification of Direct Head Impacts Recorded by Wearable Sensors in Junior Rugby League Players

Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes.

Authors: Lauchlan Carey, Douglas P. Terry, Andrew S. McIntosh, Peter Stanwell, Grant L. Iverson and Andrew J. Gardner

Factors Confounding the Athlete Biological Passport: A Systematic Narrative Review

Through longitudinal, individual and adaptive monitoring of blood biomarkers, the haematological module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) has become a valuable tool in anti-doping efforts. The compositi...

Authors: Bastien Krumm and Raphael Faiss

The Influence of Customized Mouthguards on the Muscular Activity of the Masticatory Muscles at Maximum Bite and Motor Performance During Static and Dynamic Exercises

Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasi...

Authors: Johannes Lässing, Christoph Pökel, Lennart Lingener, Roberto Falz, Stefan Kwast, Antina Schulze and Martin Busse

Profiling Combat Sports Athletes: Competitive History and Outcomes According to Sports Type and Current Level of Competition

This study aimed to investigate the competitive history (the age when training and competing started), training habits and patterns of winning and losing of competitive combat sports athletes across different ...

Authors: Oliver R. Barley and Craig A. Harms

Do Rates of Mental Health Symptoms in Currently Competing Elite Athletes in Paralympic Sports Differ from Non-Para-Athletes?

This study addresses the lack of comparative data on the mental health of athletes in Paralympic sports (‘para-athletes’) and non-para athletes by examining the prevalence and correlates of mental health sympt...

Authors: Lisa S. Olive, Simon Rice, Matt Butterworth, Matti Clements and Rosemary Purcell

Reply to: Comment on: “Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance”

Authors: Hamish Ferguson, Chris Harnish and Geoff Chase

Comment on: “Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance”

Authors: Jamie Douglas

Vital and Clinical Signs Gathered Within the First Minutes After a Motorcycle Accident on a Racetrack: an Observational Study

Little is known about vital signs during the very first minutes after an accident. This study aimed to describe the vital signs of motorcycle riders shortly after racetrack crashes and examine the clinical val...

Authors: Karin Hugelius, Jerry Lidberg, Linda Ekh and Per Örtenwall

Serum Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Marker Changes in Repetitive Breath-hold Diving

Breath-hold diving (BH-diving) is associated to extreme environmental conditions, prolonged physical activity, and complex adaptation mechanisms to supply enough O₂ to vital organs. Consequently, one of the bigge...

Authors: Danilo Cialoni, Andrea Brizzolari, Nicola Sponsiello, Valentina Lancellotti, Cesare Lori, Gerardo Bosco, Alessandro Marroni and Alessandra Barassi

Contemporary Variables that Impact Sleep and Development in Female Adolescent Swimmers and Gymnasts

The effects of sleep on elite athletes in late adolescence and early adulthood have been well documented in a myriad of sports. However, there is underrepresentation of pre-pubertal and young female adolescent...

Authors: Janine Bartholomew, Carrie Gilligan and Ann Spence

Preliminary Evidence for the Clinical Utility of Tactile Somatosensory Assessments of Sport-Related mTBI

To evaluate the clinical utility of tactile somatosensory assessments to assist clinicians in diagnosing sport-related mild traumatic brain injury (SR-mTBI), classifying recovery trajectory based on performanc...

Authors: Joshua P. McGeown, Patria A. Hume, Stephen Kara, Doug King and Alice Theadom

Weaving Lines of Inquiry: Promoting Transdisciplinarity as a Distinctive Way of Undertaking Sport Science Research

The promotion of inter- and multidisciplinarity — broadly drawing on other disciplines to help collaboratively answer important questions to the field — has been an important goal for many professional develop...

Authors: Carl T. Woods, James Rudd, Duarte Araújo, James Vaughan and Keith Davids

A Cross-Sectional Study of Retired Great British Olympians (Berlin 1936–Sochi 2014): Olympic Career Injuries, Joint Health in Later Life, and Reasons for Retirement from Olympic Sport

The relationship between Olympic career sport injury and the long-term musculoskeletal health of the elite athlete remains unclear. This study describes the lifetime prevalence of medical attention injuries th...

Authors: Dale J. Cooper, Mark E. Batt, Mary S. O’Hanlon and Debbie Palmer

Jumping into a Healthier Future: Trampolining for Increasing Physical Activity in Children

Physical activity in children and adolescents has positive effects on cardiopulmonary function in this age group as well as later in life. As poor cardiopulmonary function is associated with higher mortality a...

Authors: Isabelle Schöffl, Benedikt Ehrlich, Kathrin Rottermann, Annika Weigelt, Sven Dittrich and Volker Schöffl

Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Circulating Proteins in 50-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women: a Cross-Sectional Study

A strong cardiorespiratory fitness is suggested to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk; the exact mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of fitness remain uncertain. Our aim was to inves...

Authors: Malin Enarsson, Tobias Feldreich, Liisa Byberg, Christoph Nowak, Lars Lind and Johan Ärnlöv

Sex differences in adaptation to intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing in trained middle-distance runners

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sex on the efficacy of intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing to induce heat acclimation and improve markers of temperate exercise performance in tr...

Authors: Nathalie V. Kirby, Samuel J. E. Lucas, Thomas G. Cable, Oliver J. Armstrong, Samuel R. Weaver and Rebekah A. I. Lucas

Immediate Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to Sudden Cardiac Arrest During Sports is Associated with Improved Survival—a Video Analysis

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) during sports can be the first symptom of yet undetected cardiovascular conditions. Immediate chest compressions and early defibrillation offer SCA victims the best chance of surviv...

Authors: Nicole M. Panhuyzen-Goedkoop, Hein J. Wellens, André L. M. Verbeek, Jan J. Piek and Ron J. G. Peters

High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an increasingly popular form of aerobic exercise which includes bouts of high-intensity exercise interspersed with periods of rest. The health benefits, risks, and op...

Authors: Catherine F. S. Marriott, Andrea F. M. Petrella, Emily C. S. Marriott, Narlon C. Boa Sorte Silva and Robert J. Petrella

Maximal muscular power: lessons from sprint cycling

Maximal muscular power production is of fundamental importance to human functional capacity and feats of performance. Here, we present a synthesis of literature pertaining to physiological systems that limit m...

Authors: Jamie Douglas, Angus Ross and James C. Martin

Isometric Strength Database for Muscle Maximal Voluntary Endurance Field Tests: Normative Data

Different field tests are used to evaluate muscle capacity, in particular maximal voluntary isometric endurance. However, although there are some normative values for a few muscle endurance tests, these do not...

Authors: Frédérick Janik, Claire Toulotte, Anne Laure Seichepine, Bernadette Masquelier, Fabienne Barbier and Claudine Fabre

Physical activity, confidence and quality of life among cancer patient-carer dyads

Physical activity (PA) has been positively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among cancer patients and family caregivers. However, there has been no relevant research for patient-caregiver...

Authors: Siu-man Ng, Melody H. Y. Fung, Jessie S. M. Chan, Celia H. Y. Chan and Cecilia L. W. Chan

The Quantification of Acceleration Events in Elite Team Sport: a Systematic Review

Wearable tracking devices are commonly utilised to quantify the external acceleration load of team sport athletes during training and competition. The ability to accelerate is an important attribute for athlet...

Authors: Robert I. M. Delves, Robert J. Aughey, Kevin Ball and Grant M. Duthie

Injury Patterns in Collegiate Club Quidditch

The purpose of this study is to assess injury patterns in collegiate club quidditch athletes at a single university over three seasons. Injury data were gathered from athletic trainers that provided sideline m...

Authors: Christopher M. Fox, Jonathan G. Wu, Lucia Chen and Dena L. Florczyk

Female (Under) Representation in Exercise Thermoregulation Research

Despite an increasing rate of women participating in professional sports, emergency services, and military settings where they are exposed to exertional heat stress, our understanding of female thermoregulatio...

Authors: Kate P. Hutchins, David N. Borg, Aaron J. E. Bach, Joshua J. Bon, Geoffrey M. Minett and Ian B. Stewart

Developing a tool to assess technical skills in talented youth table tennis players—a multi-method approach combining professional and scientific literature and coaches’ perspectives

The assessment of technical skills as part of a multidimensional approach for talent identification and development in sports seems promising, especially in a technique-based sport like table tennis. However, ...

Authors: Irene R. Faber, Till Koopmann, Dirk Büsch and Jörg Schorer

Effects of Hip Flexion on Knee Extension and Flexion Isokinetic Angle-Specific Torques and HQ-Ratios

During isokinetic knee strength testing, the knee flexion angles that correspond to the measured torque values are rarely considered. Additionally, the hip flexion angle during seated testing diverges from tha...

Authors: Christian Baumgart, Eduard Kurz, Jürgen Freiwald and Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe

Psychological Effects of Whole-body Electromyostimulation Training: a Controlled Pilot Study in Healthy Volunteers

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training is used in popular and health sports to improve muscular performance. Little is known about the possible psychological effects of WB-EMS training. The aim of ...

Authors: Christian Keicher, Lena Pyrkosch, Bernd Wolfarth and Andreas Ströhle

3D Biomechanics of Rugby Tackle Techniques to Inform Future Rugby Research Practice: a Systematic Review

The tackle is the most common in-play event in rugby union and rugby league (the rugby codes). It is also associated with the greatest propensity for injury and thus accounts for the most injuries in the sport...

Authors: Suzi Edwards, Roger Lee, Gordon Fuller, Matthew Buchanan, Timana Tahu, Ross Tucker and Andrew J. Gardner

Effectiveness of Resistance Training and Associated Program Characteristics in Patients at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Resistance training (RT) is an effective intervention for glycemic control and cardiometabolic health in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the use of RT in individuals at risk for T2D to prevent...

Authors: Raza Qadir, Nicholas F. Sculthorpe, Taylor Todd and Elise C. Brown

Assessments Related to the Physical, Affective and Cognitive Domains of Physical Literacy Amongst Children Aged 7–11.9 Years: A Systematic Review

Over the past decade, there has been increased interest amongst researchers, practitioners and policymakers in physical literacy for children and young people and the assessment of the concept within physical ...

Authors: Cara Shearer, Hannah R. Goss, Lynne M. Boddy, Zoe R. Knowles, Elizabeth J. Durden-Myers and Lawrence Foweather

The Acute Cardiorespiratory and Cerebrovascular Response to Resistance Exercise

Resistance exercise (RE) is a popular modality for the general population and athletes alike, due to the numerous benefits of regular participation. The acute response to dynamic RE is characterised by tempora...

Authors: Blake G. Perry and Samuel J. E. Lucas

“Learning by Design”: What Sports Coaches can Learn from Video Game Designs

There have been multiple calls made in the sport science literature for the promotion of interdisciplinarity to progress some of sports’ most prevailing challenges. Designing practice environments that support...

Authors: Sam Robertson and Carl T. Woods

High School Basketball Coach and Player Perspectives on Warm-Up Routines and Lower Extremity Injuries

While participation in sports-related activities results in improved health outcomes, high school athletes are at risk for lower extremity injuries, especially ankle, knee, and thigh injuries. Efforts to promo...

Authors: Corrine Munoz-Plaza, Dana Pounds, Anna Davis, Stacy Park, Robert Sallis, Manuel G. Romero and Adam L. Sharp

Enskilment: an Ecological-Anthropological Worldview of Skill, Learning and Education in Sport

The aim of this paper is to explore a different, more relational worldview of skill, learning and education in sport. To do this, we turn to the work of social anthropologist, Tim Ingold, leaning on the notion...

Authors: Carl T. Woods, James Rudd, Rob Gray and Keith Davids

Sarcopenic Characteristics of Active Older Adults: a Cross-Sectional Exploration

Ageing is associated with a decline in skeletal muscle mass and function (strength and power), known as sarcopenia. Inadequate dietary protein and inactivity have been shown to accelerate sarcopenia outcomes, ...

Authors: Zoya Huschtscha, Alexandra Parr, Judi Porter and Ricardo J. S. Costa

Physical Conditioning Strategies for the Prevention of Concussion in Sport: a Scoping Review

Concussion in sports has received a great deal of media attention and may result in short and longer-lasting symptoms, especially in adolescents. Although significant strides have been made in the identificati...

Authors: Daniel Garnett, Jon Patricios and Saul Cobbing

The Underrepresentation of Females in Studies Assessing the Impact of High-Dose Exercise on Cardiovascular Outcomes: a Scoping Review

High-dose exercise-induced cardiac outcomes may vary between sexes. However, many studies investigating the cardiovascular effects of high-dose exercise have excluded or under-recruited females. This scoping r...

Authors: Roshan Patel, Caitlin L. Kemp, Muneebah Hafejee, Nicholas Peckham, Vageesh Jain, Gerry P. McCann and Susil Pallikadavath

Comparing Two Treatment Approaches for Patients with Type 1 Diabetes During Aerobic Exercise: a Randomised, Crossover Study

In a randomised, counterbalanced, crossover design, eight men with type 1 diabetes (T1D; mean ± SD age, 27.6 ± 11.4 years) reduced insulin (INS) by 50% of their normal dose or consumed carbohydrates equivalent...

Authors: Varun Vartak, Lynne Chepulis, Matthew Driller and Ryan G. Paul

Evolution of Physical Demands of Australian Football League Matches from 2005 to 2017: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression

There is extensive research investigating the match demands of players in the Australian Football League (AFL).

Authors: Samuel J. Janetzki, Pitre C. Bourdon, Kevin I. Norton, Jackson C. Lane and Clint R. Bellenger

Safety and Effects of Football in Skeletal Metastatic Prostate Cancer: a Subgroup Analysis of the FC Prostate Community Randomised Controlled Trial

Skeletal metastatic disease excludes many cancer patients from participating in exercise and physical activity due to safety concerns. Empirical evidence from high-quality trials is warranted to guide clinicia...

Authors: Eik Dybboe Bjerre, Sarah Weller, Mads Hvid Poulsen, Søren Sørensen Madsen, Rie Dybboe Bjerre, Peter Busch Østergren, Michael Borre, Klaus Brasso and Julie Midtgaard

Can Physical Activity Support Grief Outcomes in Individuals Who Have Been Bereaved? A Systematic Review

In 2018, there were 616,014 registered deaths in the United Kingdom (UK). Grief is a natural consequence. Many mental health concerns, which can be identified as grief outcomes (e.g. anxiety and depression) in...

Authors: Jane Williams, Gillian W. Shorter, Neil Howlett, Julia Zakrzewski-Fruer and Angel M. Chater

French Translation and Validation of the Rating-of-Fatigue Scale

The Rating of Fatigue (ROF) scale can measure changes in perceived fatigue in a variety of contexts.

Authors: Callum G. Brownstein, Diana Rimaud, Benjamin Singh, Laurie-Anne Fruleux-Santos, Marine Sorg, Dominic Micklewright and Guillaume Y. Millet

Evaluation and Validation of a Joint Stress Test to Induce Activity-Related Knee Joint Discomfort — a Prospective Case-Control Study

The assessment of improvement or maintenance of joint health in healthy subjects is a great challenge. The aim of the study was the evaluation of a joint stress test to assess joint discomfort in subjects with...

Authors: Christiane Schön, Claudia Reule, Katharina Knaub, Antje Micka, Manfred Wilhelm, Wilfried Alt and Daniel Menzel

Modified Talk Test: a Randomized Cross-over Trial Investigating the Comparative Utility of Two “Talk Tests” for Determining Aerobic Training Zones in Overweight and Obese Patients

To validate the traditional talk test (TTT) and an alternative talk test (ATT; using a visual analog scale) in overweight/obese (OW-OB) patients and to establish its accuracy in determining the aerobic trainin...

Authors: Ignacio Orizola-Cáceres, Hugo Cerda-Kohler, Carlos Burgos-Jara, Roberto Meneses-Valdes, Rafael Gutierrez-Pino and Carlos Sepúlveda

Methodological Considerations for Furthering the Understanding of Constraints in Applied Sports

Commonly classified as individual, task or environmental, constraints are boundaries which shape the emergence of functional movement solutions. In applied sport, an ongoing challenge is to improve the measure...

Authors: Peter Browne, Alice J. Sweeting, Carl T. Woods and Sam Robertson

Exercise and Neuropathic Pain: A General Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Research

Neuropathic pain is a disease of the somatosensory system that is characterized by tingling, burning, and/or shooting pain. Medication is often the primary treatment, but it can be costly, thus there is an int...

Authors: Brianna N. Leitzelar and Kelli F. Koltyn

Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance

Cycling performance models are used to study rider and sport characteristics to better understand performance determinants and optimise competition outcomes. Performance requirements cover the demands of compe...

Authors: Hamish A. Ferguson, Chris Harnish and J. Geoffrey Chase

Recommendations for Face Coverings While Exercising During the COVID-19 Pandemic

In an effort to reduce transmission and number of infections of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) virus, governments and official bodies around the world have produce...

Authors: Jonathan Shurlock, Borja Muniz-Pardos, Ross Tucker, Norbert Bachl, Theodora Papadopoulou, Graham Holloway, Nigel Jones, Xavier Bigard, Karin Vonbank, David Niederseer, Joachim Meyer, Dennis Nowak, Andre Debruyne, Petra Zupet, Herbert Löllgen, Juergen M. Steinacker…

Are Plantarflexor Muscle Impairments Present Among Individuals with Achilles Tendinopathy and Do They Change with Exercise? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Understanding plantarflexor muscle impairments among individuals with Achilles tendinopathy (AT) may help to guide future research and inform clinical management of AT. Therefore, the aim of this review is to ...

Authors: Fatmah Hasani, Patrick Vallance, Terry Haines, Shannon E. Munteanu and Peter Malliaras