Articles

Conceptualising Rugby League Performance Within an Ecological Dynamics Framework: Providing Direction for Player Preparation and Development

Across team sports, it is critically important to appropriately define, evaluate and then aptly describe individual and team performance. This is of particular significance when we consider that performance mo...

Authors: Tannath J. Scott, Colin E. Sanctuary, Matthew S. Tredrea and Adrian J. Gray

Evaluation of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity Levels Using Different Accelerometry Protocols in Children from the GENOBOX Study

Physical activity (PA) has acquired a significant relevance due to the health benefits associated with its practice. Accelerometers are an effective tool to assess PA; however, the diversity of cut-off points ...

Authors: Francisco Jesus Llorente-Cantarero, Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro, Rosaura Leis, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Esther M. González-Gil, Concepción María Aguilera, Gloria Bueno, Luis A. Moreno, Angel Gil and Mercedes Gil-Campos

Evaluation of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in Identifying Active Females Who are Prone to Injury. A Systematic Review

The validity of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) in identifying active females who are predisposed to injury has not been specifically reviewed. This study aims to synthesize the literature on the ability ...

Authors: Mojtaba Asgari, Shahab Alizadeh, Anna Sendt and Thomas Jaitner

A Case–Control Study of Tackle-Based Head Injury Assessment (HIA) Risk Factors in the National Rugby League

The tackle is the in-game activity carrying the greatest risk for concussion in rugby. A recent evaluation of tackle characteristics in rugby union precipitated a rule modification to reduce head impact risk d...

Authors: Andrew J. Gardner, Grant L. Iverson, Suzi Edwards and Ross Tucker

Effect of Different Sports Practice on Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents: Randomized Clinical Trial

Sports practice can promote several health benefits in pediatric populations; nonetheless, most of the studies that investigated these benefits are of cross-sectional design. Thus, our objective was to verify ...

Authors: Camila Cassemiro Rosa, William Rodrigues Tebar, Crystian Bittencourt Soares Oliveira, Breno Quintella Farah, Juliano Casonatto, Bruna Thamyres Ciccotti Saraiva and Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro

Foot Strike Patterns During Overground Distance Running: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Investigations of foot strike patterns during overground distance running have foci on prevalence, performance and change in foot strike pattern with increased distance. To date, synthesised analyses of these ...

Authors: Stephen P. Bovalino and Michael I. C. Kingsley

Social Media, Body Image and Resistance Training: Creating the Perfect ‘Me’ with Dietary Supplements, Anabolic Steroids and SARM’s

Few studies have assessed the use of dietary supplements, anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARM) in male gym users. The comparison of physical appearance with othe...

Authors: Luuk Hilkens, Maarten Cruyff, Liesbeth Woertman, Jeroen Benjamins and Catharine Evers

Can We Go Online for Sports Injury Prevention? A Systematic Review of English-Language Websites with Exercise-Based Sports Injury Risk Reduction Programmes

Preventing sports injuries is at the forefront of sports medicine. Although effective preventive strategies in scientific literature exist, their implementation is lagging behind. The Internet could support th...

Authors: Aleksandra Katarzyna Mącznik, Poonam Mehta and Mandeep Kaur

Artificial Intelligence Based Body Sensor Network Framework—Narrative Review: Proposing an End-to-End Framework using Wearable Sensors, Real-Time Location Systems and Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Algorithms for Data Collection, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Sports and Healthcare

With the rising amount of data in the sports and health sectors, a plethora of applications using big data mining have become possible. Multiple frameworks have been proposed to mine, store, preprocess, and an...

Authors: Ashwin A. Phatak, Franz-Georg Wieland, Kartik Vempala, Frederik Volkmar and Daniel Memmert

Prevalence, Characteristics, Association Factors of and Management Strategies for Low Back Pain Among Italian Amateur Cyclists: an Observational Cross-Sectional Study

Low back pain (LBP) is a burdensome problem affecting amateur cyclists. This cross-sectional study analysed Italian amateur cycling cohort’s demographic and sport-specific characteristics, the prevalence and c...

Authors: Simone Battista, Lucia Grazia Sansone and Marco Testa

Effects of Greater Central Arterial Stiffness on Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity in Resistance-Trained Men

Compared with age-matched untrained men, resistance-trained men who have undergone long duration training (> 2 years) at a high frequency (> 5 days/week) may be lower cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) b...

Authors: Nobuhiro Nakamura and Isao Muraoka

From a Technology That Replaces Human Perception–Action to One That Expands It: Some Critiques of Current Technology Use in Sport

Information technology has been integrated into most areas of sport, providing new insights, improving the efficiency of operational processes, and offering unique opportunities for exploration and inquiry. Wh...

Authors: Carl T. Woods, Duarte Araújo, Keith Davids and James Rudd

Effect of Rearfoot Strikes on the Hip and Knee Rotational Kinetic Chain During the Early Phase of Cutting in Female Athletes

Biomechanical factors affecting horizontal-plane hip and knee kinetic chain and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk during cutting maneuvers remain unclear. This study aimed to examine whether differe...

Authors: Issei Ogasawara, Yohei Shimokochi, Shoji Konda, Tatsuo Mae and Ken Nakata

Influence of 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Insufficiency on Maximal Aerobic Power in Elite Indoor Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study

The impact of vitamin D on musculoskeletal health is well-established, although its influence on physical performance is unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate the impact of 25-hydroxy-vitamin...

Authors: Astrid Most, Oliver Dörr, Holger Nef, Christian Hamm, Timm Bauer and Pascal Bauer

Screening Tools as a Predictor of Injury in Gymnastics: Systematic Literature Review

Gymnastics requires a high level of physical ability and technical skill which utilises short sets of athleticism and artistry to perform complex and intense movements which can overload musculoskeletal tissue...

Authors: Ross Armstrong and Nicola Relph

Single Session and Short-Term Exercise for Mental Health Promotion in Tertiary Students: A Scoping Review

Exercise can improve mental health; however many tertiary students do not reach recommended levels of weekly engagement. Short-term exercise may be more achievable for tertiary students to engage in to promote...

Authors: Michaela C. Pascoe, Alan P. Bailey, Melinda Craike, Tim Carter, Rhiannon K. Patten, Nigel K. Stepto and Alexandra G. Parker

Are Leg Muscle, Tendon and Functional Characteristics Associated with Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome? A Systematic Review

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common overuse injury that lacks effective evidence-based treatment options. Reduced leg girth has been associated with MTSS development because it is hypothesised to ...

Authors: Joshua P. M. Mattock, Julie R. Steele and Karen J. Mickle

Aiming at Optimal Physical Activity for Longevity (OPAL)

Although even small volumes (15–20 min) of daily physical activity (PA) are associated with health benefits, the optimal volume for healthy aging and longevity is substantially larger, amounting to about 100 m...

Authors: Martin Kopp and Martin Burtscher

Effects of Non-periodized and Linear Periodized Combined Exercise Training on Insulin Resistance Indicators in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The aim was to verify the effect of non-periodized and linear periodized combined (aerobic plus resistance) exercise training on insulin resistance markers in adults with obesity.

Authors: Anne Ribeiro Streb, Larissa dos Santos Leonel, Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti, Cláudia Regina Cavaglieri and Giovani Firpo Del Duca

Incidence of Injuries, Illness and Related Risk Factors in Cross-Country Marathon Mountain Biking Events: A Systematic Search and Review

Cycling is a popular global sport and method of transportation and a significant contributor to admissions to hospital emergency units following an injury. Mountain biking events present additional challenges ...

Authors: Kim Buchholtz, Mike Lambert, Lieselotte Corten and Theresa L. Burgess

The Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Warmups for Lower Extremity Injury Prevention in Basketball: A Systematic Review

Neuromuscular warmups have gained increasing attention as a means of preventing sports-related injuries, but data on effectiveness in basketball are sparse. The objective of this systematic review was to evalu...

Authors: Anna C. Davis, Nicholas P. Emptage, Dana Pounds, Donna Woo, Robert Sallis, Manuel G. Romero and Adam L. Sharp

Video Analysis and Verification of Direct Head Impacts Recorded by Wearable Sensors in Junior Rugby League Players

Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes.

Authors: Lauchlan Carey, Douglas P. Terry, Andrew S. McIntosh, Peter Stanwell, Grant L. Iverson and Andrew J. Gardner

Factors Confounding the Athlete Biological Passport: A Systematic Narrative Review

Through longitudinal, individual and adaptive monitoring of blood biomarkers, the haematological module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) has become a valuable tool in anti-doping efforts. The compositi...

Authors: Bastien Krumm and Raphael Faiss

The Influence of Customized Mouthguards on the Muscular Activity of the Masticatory Muscles at Maximum Bite and Motor Performance During Static and Dynamic Exercises

Some studies have suggested that a mouthguard is a performance-enhancing device due to a remote voluntary contraction. The extent to which a mouthguard can induce this phenomenon, e.g., by potentially increasi...

Authors: Johannes Lässing, Christoph Pökel, Lennart Lingener, Roberto Falz, Stefan Kwast, Antina Schulze and Martin Busse

Profiling Combat Sports Athletes: Competitive History and Outcomes According to Sports Type and Current Level of Competition

This study aimed to investigate the competitive history (the age when training and competing started), training habits and patterns of winning and losing of competitive combat sports athletes across different ...

Authors: Oliver R. Barley and Craig A. Harms

Do Rates of Mental Health Symptoms in Currently Competing Elite Athletes in Paralympic Sports Differ from Non-Para-Athletes?

This study addresses the lack of comparative data on the mental health of athletes in Paralympic sports (‘para-athletes’) and non-para athletes by examining the prevalence and correlates of mental health sympt...

Authors: Lisa S. Olive, Simon Rice, Matt Butterworth, Matti Clements and Rosemary Purcell

Reply to: Comment on: “Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance”

Authors: Hamish Ferguson, Chris Harnish and Geoff Chase

Comment on: “Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance”

Authors: Jamie Douglas

Vital and Clinical Signs Gathered Within the First Minutes After a Motorcycle Accident on a Racetrack: an Observational Study

Little is known about vital signs during the very first minutes after an accident. This study aimed to describe the vital signs of motorcycle riders shortly after racetrack crashes and examine the clinical val...

Authors: Karin Hugelius, Jerry Lidberg, Linda Ekh and Per Örtenwall

Serum Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Marker Changes in Repetitive Breath-hold Diving

Breath-hold diving (BH-diving) is associated to extreme environmental conditions, prolonged physical activity, and complex adaptation mechanisms to supply enough O₂ to vital organs. Consequently, one of the bigge...

Authors: Danilo Cialoni, Andrea Brizzolari, Nicola Sponsiello, Valentina Lancellotti, Cesare Lori, Gerardo Bosco, Alessandro Marroni and Alessandra Barassi

Contemporary Variables that Impact Sleep and Development in Female Adolescent Swimmers and Gymnasts

The effects of sleep on elite athletes in late adolescence and early adulthood have been well documented in a myriad of sports. However, there is underrepresentation of pre-pubertal and young female adolescent...

Authors: Janine Bartholomew, Carrie Gilligan and Ann Spence

Preliminary Evidence for the Clinical Utility of Tactile Somatosensory Assessments of Sport-Related mTBI

To evaluate the clinical utility of tactile somatosensory assessments to assist clinicians in diagnosing sport-related mild traumatic brain injury (SR-mTBI), classifying recovery trajectory based on performanc...

Authors: Joshua P. McGeown, Patria A. Hume, Stephen Kara, Doug King and Alice Theadom

Weaving Lines of Inquiry: Promoting Transdisciplinarity as a Distinctive Way of Undertaking Sport Science Research

The promotion of inter- and multidisciplinarity — broadly drawing on other disciplines to help collaboratively answer important questions to the field — has been an important goal for many professional develop...

Authors: Carl T. Woods, James Rudd, Duarte Araújo, James Vaughan and Keith Davids

A Cross-Sectional Study of Retired Great British Olympians (Berlin 1936–Sochi 2014): Olympic Career Injuries, Joint Health in Later Life, and Reasons for Retirement from Olympic Sport

The relationship between Olympic career sport injury and the long-term musculoskeletal health of the elite athlete remains unclear. This study describes the lifetime prevalence of medical attention injuries th...

Authors: Dale J. Cooper, Mark E. Batt, Mary S. O’Hanlon and Debbie Palmer

Jumping into a Healthier Future: Trampolining for Increasing Physical Activity in Children

Physical activity in children and adolescents has positive effects on cardiopulmonary function in this age group as well as later in life. As poor cardiopulmonary function is associated with higher mortality a...

Authors: Isabelle Schöffl, Benedikt Ehrlich, Kathrin Rottermann, Annika Weigelt, Sven Dittrich and Volker Schöffl

Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Circulating Proteins in 50-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women: a Cross-Sectional Study

A strong cardiorespiratory fitness is suggested to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk; the exact mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of fitness remain uncertain. Our aim was to inves...

Authors: Malin Enarsson, Tobias Feldreich, Liisa Byberg, Christoph Nowak, Lars Lind and Johan Ärnlöv

Sex differences in adaptation to intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing in trained middle-distance runners

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sex on the efficacy of intermittent post-exercise sauna bathing to induce heat acclimation and improve markers of temperate exercise performance in tr...

Authors: Nathalie V. Kirby, Samuel J. E. Lucas, Thomas G. Cable, Oliver J. Armstrong, Samuel R. Weaver and Rebekah A. I. Lucas

Immediate Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation to Sudden Cardiac Arrest During Sports is Associated with Improved Survival—a Video Analysis

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) during sports can be the first symptom of yet undetected cardiovascular conditions. Immediate chest compressions and early defibrillation offer SCA victims the best chance of surviv...

Authors: Nicole M. Panhuyzen-Goedkoop, Hein J. Wellens, André L. M. Verbeek, Jan J. Piek and Ron J. G. Peters

High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an increasingly popular form of aerobic exercise which includes bouts of high-intensity exercise interspersed with periods of rest. The health benefits, risks, and op...

Authors: Catherine F. S. Marriott, Andrea F. M. Petrella, Emily C. S. Marriott, Narlon C. Boa Sorte Silva and Robert J. Petrella

Maximal muscular power: lessons from sprint cycling

Maximal muscular power production is of fundamental importance to human functional capacity and feats of performance. Here, we present a synthesis of literature pertaining to physiological systems that limit m...

Authors: Jamie Douglas, Angus Ross and James C. Martin

Isometric Strength Database for Muscle Maximal Voluntary Endurance Field Tests: Normative Data

Different field tests are used to evaluate muscle capacity, in particular maximal voluntary isometric endurance. However, although there are some normative values for a few muscle endurance tests, these do not...

Authors: Frédérick Janik, Claire Toulotte, Anne Laure Seichepine, Bernadette Masquelier, Fabienne Barbier and Claudine Fabre

Physical activity, confidence and quality of life among cancer patient-carer dyads

Physical activity (PA) has been positively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among cancer patients and family caregivers. However, there has been no relevant research for patient-caregiver...

Authors: Siu-man Ng, Melody H. Y. Fung, Jessie S. M. Chan, Celia H. Y. Chan and Cecilia L. W. Chan

The Quantification of Acceleration Events in Elite Team Sport: a Systematic Review

Wearable tracking devices are commonly utilised to quantify the external acceleration load of team sport athletes during training and competition. The ability to accelerate is an important attribute for athlet...

Authors: Robert I. M. Delves, Robert J. Aughey, Kevin Ball and Grant M. Duthie

Injury Patterns in Collegiate Club Quidditch

The purpose of this study is to assess injury patterns in collegiate club quidditch athletes at a single university over three seasons. Injury data were gathered from athletic trainers that provided sideline m...

Authors: Christopher M. Fox, Jonathan G. Wu, Lucia Chen and Dena L. Florczyk

Female (Under) Representation in Exercise Thermoregulation Research

Despite an increasing rate of women participating in professional sports, emergency services, and military settings where they are exposed to exertional heat stress, our understanding of female thermoregulatio...

Authors: Kate P. Hutchins, David N. Borg, Aaron J. E. Bach, Joshua J. Bon, Geoffrey M. Minett and Ian B. Stewart

Developing a tool to assess technical skills in talented youth table tennis players—a multi-method approach combining professional and scientific literature and coaches’ perspectives

The assessment of technical skills as part of a multidimensional approach for talent identification and development in sports seems promising, especially in a technique-based sport like table tennis. However, ...

Authors: Irene R. Faber, Till Koopmann, Dirk Büsch and Jörg Schorer

Effects of Hip Flexion on Knee Extension and Flexion Isokinetic Angle-Specific Torques and HQ-Ratios

During isokinetic knee strength testing, the knee flexion angles that correspond to the measured torque values are rarely considered. Additionally, the hip flexion angle during seated testing diverges from tha...

Authors: Christian Baumgart, Eduard Kurz, Jürgen Freiwald and Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe

Psychological Effects of Whole-body Electromyostimulation Training: a Controlled Pilot Study in Healthy Volunteers

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training is used in popular and health sports to improve muscular performance. Little is known about the possible psychological effects of WB-EMS training. The aim of ...

Authors: Christian Keicher, Lena Pyrkosch, Bernd Wolfarth and Andreas Ströhle

3D Biomechanics of Rugby Tackle Techniques to Inform Future Rugby Research Practice: a Systematic Review

The tackle is the most common in-play event in rugby union and rugby league (the rugby codes). It is also associated with the greatest propensity for injury and thus accounts for the most injuries in the sport...

Authors: Suzi Edwards, Roger Lee, Gordon Fuller, Matthew Buchanan, Timana Tahu, Ross Tucker and Andrew J. Gardner

Effectiveness of Resistance Training and Associated Program Characteristics in Patients at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Resistance training (RT) is an effective intervention for glycemic control and cardiometabolic health in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the use of RT in individuals at risk for T2D to prevent...

Authors: Raza Qadir, Nicholas F. Sculthorpe, Taylor Todd and Elise C. Brown