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Table 3 Univariate analysis for the association between LBP and limited range of motion of the lower extremities by age categories

From: Age-Related Differences in the Limited Range of Motion of the Lower Extremity and Their Relation to Low Back Pain in Young Baseball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1215 Players

Age ≤ 10 years, n = 195

Players without seasonal LBP n = 960

Players with seasonal LBP n = 255

P value

 

n = 189

n = 6

 

Positive Thomas test

   

 TS

59 (31.2)

2 (33.3)

1.00

 NTS

52 (27.5)

2 (33.3)

0.67

Positive SLR test

   

 TS

25 (13.2)

0 (0.0)

0.34

 NTS

23 (12.2)

1 (16.7)

0.74

Positive HKT

   

 TS

19 (10.1)

0 (0.0)

0.41

 NTS

20 (10.6)

0 (0.0)

0.40

Age 11–12 years, n = 290

n = 253

n = 37

 

Positive Thomas test

   

 TS

103 (40.7)

17 (46.0)

0.55

 NTS

90 (35.6)

18 (48.7)

0.12

Positive SLR test

   

 TS

47 (18.6)

12 (32.4)

0.06

 NTS

46 (18.2)

11 (29.7)

0.10

Positive HKT

   

 TS

72 (28.5)

19 (51.4)

0.0051*

 NTS

75 (29.6)

18 (48.7)

0.021*

Age 13–14 years, n = 320

n = 249

n = 71

 

Positive Thomas test

   

 TS

97 (39.0)

37 (52.1)

0.048*

 NTS

102 (41.0)

31 (43.7)

0.68

Positive SLR test

   

 TS

65 (26.1)

15 (21.1)

0.39

 NTS

60 (24.1)

17 (23.9)

0.98

Positive HKT

   

 TS

118 (47.4)

41 (57.8)

0.12

 NTS

124 (49.8)

42 (59.2)

0.16

Age 15–16 years, n = 410

n = 269

n = 141

 

Positive Thomas test

   

 TS

128 (47.6)

72 (51.1)

0.50

 NTS

131 (48.7)

72 (51.1)

0.65

Positive SLR test

   

 TS

66 (24.5)

32 (22.7)

0.68

 NTS

49 (18.2)

22 (15.6)

0.51

Positive HKT

   

 TS

160 (59.5)

88 (62.4)

0.56

 NTS

159 (59.1)

89 (63.1)

0.43

  1. LBP low back pain, TS throwing arm side, NTS non-throwing arm side, SLR straight leg raising, HKT heel-to-buttock test
  2. *P < 0.05