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Table 2 Descriptive baseline demographics separated into those who did or did not incur a new ACL injury

From: Risk Factors for Sustaining a Second ACL Injury after Primary ACL Reconstruction in Female Football Players: A Study Investigating the Effects of Follow-Up Time and the Statistical Approach

 

Players with ACLR (n = 112)

Secondary ACL Injury (n = 43)

No Secondary ACL Injury (n = 69)

P

Age, years

20 ± 3

20 ± 2

0.620

Height, cm

166 ± 5

169 ± 5

0.034

Body mass index, kg/m2

22.3 ± 2.3

22.6 ± 2.3

0.501

Graft: all autografts, n (%)

   

 Hamstrings

41 (95)

69 (100)

0.145

 Patellar tendon

1 (2)

  

 Quadriceps

1 (2)

  

Graft diameter, mm

8.0 ± 0.6

8.0 ± 0.6

0.843

1. Time between injury and ACLR, months

3 (4, 0–11)

4 (5, 0–23)

0.035

2. Level of play after primary ACLR, n (%)

  

0.672

 Elite (2 top divisions)

7 (16)

7 (10)

 

 Third–sixth division

32 (74)

54 (78)

 

 Lowest division or youth play

4 (9)

8 (12)

 

3. IKDC (0–100)

84 ± 11

84 ± 11

0.997

4. ACL-RSI (0–10)

6.8 ± 1.8

6.8 ± 1.8

0.900

5. ACL-QoL (0–10)

7.6 ± 1.5

7.6 ± 1.3

0.967

6. SMPS—personal standards (1–5)

3.3 ± 0.8

3.1 ± 1.0

0.184

7. SSP—somatic anxiety (0–100)

53 ± 8

51 ± 9

0.161

8. SSP—psychic anxiety (0–100)

53 ± 10

51 ± 10

0.201

9. SSP—stress susceptibility (0–100)

54 ± 10

50 ± 10

0.073

10. SSP—impulsiveness (0–100)

51 ± 8

51 ± 10

0.616

11. SSP—adventure seeking (0–100)

53 ± 7

55 ± 9

0.391

12. Ankle dorsiflexion, side difference, degrees

0 ± 2.2

0 ± 1.9

0.607

13. Knee extension ACLR leg, degreesa

− 7 ± 4

− 4 ± 6

0.011

14. LSI—single hop for distance, %

98 ± 9

98 ± 8

0.754

15. LSI—side hop, %

98 ± 18

91 ± 23

0.093

16. 5-jump test, cm

900 ± 111

869 ± 89

0.102

17. Tuck jump total points (0–10)

5 ± 2

5 ± 2

0.201

18. Knee collapse ACLR leg in DVJ, cm

2.8 (6, − 4.4 to 10.7)

2.4 (4, − 7.9 to 9.3)

0.405

19. Knee collapse non-ACLR leg in DVJ, cm

4.4 (5, − 4.1 to 9.4)

3.4 (6, − 10.0 to 10.9)

0.167

  1. Values are expressed as mean ± SD, median (IQR, range), or n (%) of participants. Values in bold type indicate statistically significant between-group differences (P < . 05). Numbered variables (1–19) are included in the CART and Cox regression analyses. ACL, anterior cruciate ligament; ACL-QoL, ACL-Quality of Life; ACLR, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; ACL-RSI, Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport after Injury; DVJ, drop vertical jump; IKDC, International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form; LSI, Limb Symmetry Index; SMPS, Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale; SSP, the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality
  2. aNegative values indicate knee hyperextension