Plyometric-Jump Training Effects on Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance According to Maturity: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 4 Characteristics of the plyometric-jump training (PJT) interventions

	Freq	Dur	Int	BH	NTJ	Tply	Comb	RBS	RBR	RBTS	Tsurf	PO	Repl	Taper
Asadi et al. [109]	2	6	Max	20–60	720 (120)*	DJ	No	120	7	72–96	Grass	No	No	No
Davies et al. [110]	2	7	Mix	NA	2,204 (315)	Mix	No	5–60	NA	≥ 48	NR	T, V	Yes	Yes
Heinonen et al. [111]	1.3	36	NR	30	10,800 (300)	Mix	Step-aerobic	NR	NR	NR	NR	T, V	No	No
Lloyd et al. [112]	2	6	NR	20	958 (160)	Mix	No	60–120	NR	> 48	NR	T, V	NA	No
Lloyd et al. [113]	2	4	Max	20	740 (185)	Mix	No	~ 90	NR	≥ 48	NR	T, V	Yes	No
Moran et al. [114]	2	6.5	Max	NA	600 (92)	Mix	No	NR	NA	NR	NR	T	Yes	No
Ramirez-Campillo et al. [115]	2	6	Max	Optimal	1,008 (168)	Mix	No	30 vs 120	3	≥ 48	Mix	V	Yes	Yes
Romero et al. [116]	2	6	Max	5–35	1,590 (265)	Mix	No	30–60	5–15	72–96	Mix	V	Yes	Yes
Uzelac-Sciran et al. [117]	2	8	NR	NR	1,336 (167)	Mix	No	60–120	NR	48	Parquet	T, V	NR	No
Vera-Assaoka et al. [118]	2	7	Max	20–60	840 (120)	DJ	No	90	15	≥ 48	Grass	No	Yes	No
Vilela et al. [119]	3	8	Mix	20–60	3,510 (439)	Mix	No	60–120	NA	48–72	Wood	Int, T, V	No	Yes

Abbreviations ordered alphabetically: BH: box or obstacle height (cm) used in PJT exercises; COD: change of direction drills; Comb: combined PJT exercises with other type of exercise (e.g., other than regular training practice for those who were athletes); DJ: drop jump; Duration: total duration (weeks) of PJT interventions; Freq: frequency of PJT training (sessions per week); Int: intensity of PJT intervention exercises; Max: maximal; NA: not applicable; NTJ: number of total jumps (e.g., foot contacts per leg). In some studies, jump repetitions were prescribed as distance or time. For this review, 1-m and 1-s were considered equivalent to 1 repetition; NR: not reported; PO: progressive overload (either as intensity, type of exercise, volume, or a combination of these); RBR: rest between repetitions (seconds); RBS: rest between sets (seconds); RBTS: rest between PJT sessions (hours); Repl: replaced part of their regular activities (e.g., warm-up before a regular soccer training session) with PJT. If “No”, this implies that participants added PJT to their regular training schedule; RT: resistance training (e.g., slow-speed heavy-load squat); T: technique or type of exercise; Tply: type of PJT exercises; Tsurf: type of surface during PJT sessions; V: volume (i.e., number) of jumps; VS: two or more groups were compared (with the same maturity), using different PJT programming variables
*Values in parenthesis denote the number of jumps per week