Is Postural Control Affected in People with Patellofemoral Pain and Should it be Part of Rehabilitation? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 2 Meta-analytic results of the effects of experimental interventions versus control interventions on balance for people with patellofemoral pain (Q2)

Analysis	n Exp/Con	SMD (95% CI)	p value	I² (%)	Level of Evidence
AP direction^a (11 studies)	215/215	0.59 (0.04–1.14)	0.038	84	Low
ML direction (4 studies)	73/72	0.01 (− 0.51–0.53)	0.966	59	Very Low
Overall direction (7 studies)	133/133	0.49 (− 0.12–1.09)	0.126	82	Low
PM direction (SEBT; 5 studies)	96/97	0.37 (0.08–0.65)	0.012	0	Moderate
PL direction (SEBT; 5 studies)	96/97	0.31 (0.02–0.59)	0.034	0	Moderate

AP anteroposterior, Con control group, Exp experimental group, ML mediolateral, PM posteromedial, PL posterolateral, SEBT Star Excursion Balance Test, SMD standardised mean difference
^aNo publication bias detected—Egger’s test: p = 0.681