Table 8 Stroke rate, stroke length and average velocity reported ranges and calculation methods
Study | Publication year | Swimming pace | SR Calculation (strokes per min) | Reported SR range | SL Calculation (m per stroke) | Reported SL range | Reported v (m/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barbosa et al. [31] | 2008 | Submaximal | Stopwatch measure over three stroke cycles | NA | v/SR | NA | NA |
Conceição et al. [38] | 2013 | 200 m | a | Male: 34.40 ± 3.58–37.52 | a | Male: 1.96 ± 0.24–2.32 ± 0.37 | Male: 1.16 ± 0.09–1.41 ± 0.07 |
Conceição et al. [24] | 2014 | 200 m | 1/stroke cycle length | Male: 34.80 ± 2.83–37.58 ± 4.90 | a | Male: 1.92 ± 0.15–2.23 ± 0.18 | Male: 1.14 ± 0.08–1.38 ± 0.09 |
Hellard et al. [16] | 2008 | 200 m | 60/stroke duration | Male: 35.7 ± 3.1–37.9 ± 4.2 | v/SR/60 | Male: 1.94 ± 0.17–2.18 ± 0.26 | Male: 1.18 ± 0.02–1.33 ± 0.02 |
Komar et al. [26] | 2014 | 70% and 90% of maximal speed | NA | NA | a | Male and female: 1.81 ± 0.33–2.78 ± 0.31 | Male and female: 1.08 ± 0.11–1.37 ± 0.10 |
Leblanc et al. [3] | 2007 | 50 m, 100 m and 200 m | Stopwatch measure over three stroke cycles | Male: 39.22 ± 3.23–51.91 ± 5.21 | a | Male: 1.80 ± 0.26–2.15 ± 0.18 | Male: 1.40 ± 0.10–1.53 ± 0.12 |
Olstad et al. [13] | 2017 | 60%, 80% and 100% of maximal speed | a | Male and female: 32.20 ± 3.43–42.58 ± 4.36 | a | Male and female: 1.70 ± 0.17–1.90 ± 0.21 | Male and female: 1.04 ± 0.13–1.20 ± 0.16 |
Olstad et al. [15] | 2020 | 100 m | a | Male: 49.62 ± 4.04–53.28 ± 4.01 | a | Male: 1.58 ± 0.13–1.71 ± 0.11 | Male: 1.32 ± 0.06–1.51 ± 0.07 |
Oxford et al. [14] | 2017 | 100 m | a | Male: 43.7 ± 5.6–46.8 ± 7.4 Female: 47.2 ± 8.4–49.7 ± 8.2 | a | Male: 1.55 ± 0.24–1.64 ± 0.22 Female: 1.28 ± 0.22–1.39 ± 0.24 | Male: 1.13 ± 0.07–1.24 ± 0.1 Female: 1.00 ± 0.08–1.11 ± 0.06 |
Psycharakis et al. [22] | 2008 | Submaximal | Stopwatch measure over three stroke cycles | NA | v/SR | NA | NA |
Thompson et al. [12] | 2000 | 100 m and 200 m | Number of frames taken to complete a single stroke cycle immediately following the 25 m mark | Male 100: 49.2 ± 5.4–51.0 ± 5.2 Female 100: 49.5 ± 5.8–49.7 ± 5.7 Male 200: 37.1 ± 4.5–43.0 ± 5.9 Female 200: 38.8 ± 5.3–43.4 ± 5.7 | v/SR | Male 100: 1.67 ± 0.17–1.85 ± 0.30 Female 100: 1.52 ± 0.18–1.63 ± 0.19 Male 200: 1.84 ± 0.25–2.22 ± 0.25 Female 200: 1.66 ± 0.21–1.89 ± 0.25 | Male 100: 1.40 ± 0.06–1.49 ± 0.05 Female 100: 1.24 ± 0.07–1.33 ± 0.07 Male 200: 1.31 ± 0.12–1.41 ± 0.07 Female 200: 1.18 ± 0.06–1.27 ± 0.07 |
Thompson et al. [23] | 2004 | 200 m | a | Male: 37.03 ± 4.38–43.26 ± 4.28 | v/SR | Male: 1.88 ± 0.19–2.28 ± 0.23 | Male:1.34 ± 0.05–1.46 ± 0.05 |