Table 1 Description of the studies included in the systematic review

Ai Ishida et al. [33]

12

20.7 ± 2.3

164.5 ± 6.0

64.4 ± 7.2

Andersen et al. [34]

27

Denmark:

22 ± 2

Norway:

21 ± 6

Denmark:

169 ± 7

Norway:

170 ± 7

Denmark:

61 ± 7

Norway:

62 ± 7

HL

90

Andersson et al. [1]

17

Active recovery:

22.6 ± 4.2

Passive recovery:

21.6 ± 2.6

Active recovery:

167.1 ± 5.7

Passive recovery:

167.2 ± 4.7

Active recovery:

63.3 ± 7.1

Passive recovery:

65.0 ± 4.6

Active recovery:

55.4 ± 3.6

Passive recovery:

53.8 ± 2.3

E

90

12 °C, light rain

Andersson et al. [35]

10

23 ± 13

167 ± 19

64 ± 19

54 ± 3

E

Mid-season

90

12 °C, light rain

Bonilla et al. [36]

14

27.8 ± 5.0

176.1 ± 4.1

71.6 ± 3.3

18.5 ± 3.5

HL

Broodryk et al. [37]

8

23.1 ± 3.2

158.9 ± 6.4

54.7 ± 4.2

C

90

23 °C

Casanova et al. [3]

18

23.1 ± 4.3

169.4 ± 5.4

58.2 ± 4.3

E

Early season

Minimum 10

Casanova et al. [38]

20

22.9 ± 4.2

170.2 ± 5.7

59.3 ± 4.6

18.7 ± 3.1

E

Early season

Casto et al. [39]

25

18–22

C

Casto et al. [40]

25

18–22

C

Edwards [41]

18

18–22

C

End of season

Goulart et al. [32]

10

25.1 ± 5.9

162.0 ± 6.0

58.9 ± 6.2

17.9 ± 3.3

48.8 ± 0.4

E

Regular season

84.0 ± 14.5

33 ± 5 °C, 39 ± 13% RH

Gravina et al. [42]

28

elite:

25 ± 5

sub-elite:

18.3 ± 1.5

elite:

61.0 ± 7.4

sub-elite:

61.9 ± 9.8

elite:

15.5 ± 2.9

sub-elite:

18.4 ± 3.3

E/HL

Haneishi et al. [43]

20

starters:

20.2 ± 2.0 nonstarters: 20.5 ± 1.7

starters:

166 ± 7.7 nonstarters: 166 ± 4.6

starters:

58.3 ± 7.3 nonstarters: 64.6 ± 5.8

starters:

16.6 ± 4.8 nonstarters: 19.1 ± 2.5

C

Regular season

21 °C, 30% RH

Hassmen and Blomstrand [44]

9

22.1 ± 3.6

E

Regular season

Hoffman et al. [45]

starters:

9

nonstarters: 10

starters:

20.0 ± 1.0

nonstarters: 18.2 ± 0.4

starters:

162.4 ± 3.8

nonstarters: 164.2 ± 7.8

starters:

57.7 ± 4.7

nonstarters: 62.1 ± 8.3

HL

End of season

starters: 56.5 ± 14.0

nonstarters: 29.0 ± 13.9

7 °C,

30% RH

Hughes et al. [46]

U17:

12

U17:

15.8 ± 0.3

U17:

166.8 ± 3.4

U17:

58.6 ± 4.7

E

Regular season

U17:

90

7 °C,

72% RH

Krustrup et al. [47]

14

23

(18–29)

169

(159–180)

60.1

(53.3–69.5)

18.5

(12.7–27.6)

52.3 ± 1.3

E

Regular season

Maya et al. [5]

16

22.5 ± 2.1

163 ± 7

59.5 ± 6.3

E

End of season

90

Oliveira et al. [48]

33

24.2 ± 4.8

E

End of season

90

Pavin et al. [49]

20

20.6 ± 3.9

164 ± 4

59.6 ± 11.6

R

90

29 °C, 45% RH

Póvoas et al. [50]

high-rank players = 6

low-rank players = 7

26 ± 4

170 ± 4

63.4 ± 4.8

E

Pre-season (high-rank team players)

Mid-season (low-rank team players)

77 ± 15

21–22 °C,

50–70% RH

Scott et al. [51]

CB: 8

FB: 6

CM: 15

WM: 3

F: 4

CB:

25.3 ± 3.2

FB:

24.1 ± 3.6

CM:

24.5 ± 4.1

WM:

23.2 ± 5.2

F:

25.1 ± 4.9

CB:

170.5 ± 7.1

FB:

168.5 ± 6.2

CM:

167.5 ± 5.3

WM:

166.0 ± 7.1

F:

168.7 ± 5.2

CB:

66.0 ± 5.1

FB:

62.1 ± 4.2

CM:

62.3 ± 4.1

WM:

61.6 ± 5.1

F:

62.7 ± 6.1

E

90

Snyder et al. [4]

8

168.3 ± 5.6

63.5 ± 6.3

E

77.5 ± 8.9

Souglis et al. [52]

21

22.9 ± 2.4

168 ± 3

61.0 ± 3.3

15.2 ± 1.0

52.0 ± 1.8

E

Regular season

17–20 °C, 40–50% RH

Souglis et al. [2]

DEF:

10

MID:

10

ATT:

10

DEF:

25.3 ± 3.2

MID:

24.7 ± 3.9

ATT:

23.9 ± 3.0

DEF:

170 ± 3

MID:

168 ± 3

ATT:

170 ± 3

DEF:

60.0 ± 1.4

MID:

58.3 ± 2.5

ATT:

59.4 ± 3.6

DEF:

19.6 ± 1.0

MID:

18.2 ± 0.7

ATT:

19.1 ± 1.0

DEF:

52.1 ± 1.9

MID:

55.4 ± 1.6

ATT:

53.2 ± 2.6

E

Regular season

14–20 °C,

40–60% RH

Tsubakihara et al. [53]

18

161.2 ± 4.1

56.2 ± 5.1

22.2 ± 6.3

C

90