Effects of Consumer-Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Programs on Objectively Measured Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Casado-Robles, Carolina; Viciana, Jesús; Guijarro-Romero, Santiago; Mayorga-Vega, Daniel

doi:10.1186/s40798-021-00407-6

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies in the systematic review

From: Effects of Consumer-Wearable Activity Tracker-Based Programs on Objectively Measured Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Study	Participants characteristics			Study design	Intervention characteristics									Outcome parameter (instrument)^e
Study	Number of participants^a	Age^b	Sex^c	Study design	Tracker	Duration^d	Group	Goal-setting	Diary	Counseling	Reminder	Motivation	Exercise	Outcome parameter (instrument)^e
Aksornsri [63]^f	EG1: 40 (39)	11.4 (8–13)	Both	Non-CT	Wrist	4	EG1	Static	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Baldursdóttir [64]^f	CG: 57 (54); EG1: 61 (57); EG2: 58 (57)	16.0 (15–16)	Both	CRCT	Hip	3	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	Adaptive	No	Yes	No	No	No
Baldursdottir et al. [54]^f	CG: 46 (27); EG1: 38 (26)	16.0 (16–16)	Both	CRCT	Hip	3	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Bronikowski et al. [56]^f	EG1: 100 (100); EG2: 93 (93)	14.8 (10–17)	Both	Non-CT	Wrist	8	EG1	Static	No	No	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	No	No	No	No	No	No
Corepal et al. [65]^f	CG: 82 (64); EG1: 142 (126)	13.0 (12–14)	Both	CRCT	Hip	22	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	MVPA; SB; Steps; and Total PA (accelerometer)
Corr et al. [66]^f	EG1: 31 (17)	14.0 (12–16)	Females	Non-CT	Hip	6	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Corr and Murtagh [67]^f	EG1: 31 (10)	16.0 (15–17)	Females	Non-CT	Hip	6	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Duck et al. [68]^f	CG: 18 (14); EG1: 17 (13)	9.2 (9–10)	Both	CRCT	Wrist	10	EG1	No	No	No	No	Yes	No	MVPA (accelerometer)
Duncan et al. [69]^f	EG1: 59 (59)	10.7 (10–11)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	4	EG1	Static	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Ermetici et al. [55]^f	EG1: 181 (167)	12.5 (11–15)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	84	EG1	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Steps (wearable)
Evans et al. [70]^f—Study 1	EG1: 32 (32)	10.0 (10–11)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	4	EG1	Static	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Evans et al. [70]^f—Study 2	CG: 10 (10); EG1: 19 (19); EG2: 13 (13)	12.3 (11–12)	Both	Non-RCT	Wrist	6	EG1	Static	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Steps and MVPA (accelerometer)
							EG2	No	No	No	No	No	No
Eyre et al. [60]^f	CG: 40 (30); EG1: 94 (55)	10.0 (9–12)	Both	CRCT	Hip	6	EG1	Static	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Finkelstein et al. [71]^f	CG: 138 (89); EG1: 147 (145)	8.2 (6–12)	Both	CRCT	Hip	36	EG1	Static	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Galy et al. [72]^f	EG1: 24 (15)	11.9 (12–14)	Both	Non-CT	Wrist	4	EG1	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Gaudet et al. [43]^f	CG: 23 (16); EG1: 23 (16)	13.0 (13–14)	Both	CRCT	Wrist	7	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	MVPA and SB (accelerometer); Steps and MVPA (wearable)
Grao-Cruces et al. [73]^f	EG1: 142 (66)	11.4 (11–12)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	6	EG1	Static	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Groffik et al. [74]^f	EG1: 71 (64)	17.9 (17–18)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	3	EG1	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
Guagliano et al. [21]^f	CG: 25 (23); EG1: 24 (18); EG2: 24 (15)	9.3 (7–11)	Both	CRCT	Hip	8	EG1	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	MVPA and SB (accelerometer)
							EG2	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Hardman et al. [75]	CG: 18 (15); EG1: 14 (14)	10.6 (10–11)	Females	CRCT	Hip	12	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Hardman et al. [76]^f	EG1: 81 (51); EG2: 119 (67); EG3: 186 (118)	9.0 (7–11)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	17	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
							EG3	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Horne et al. [44]^f	CG: 53 (51); EG1: 47 (38)	10.0 (9–11)	Both	CRCT	Hip	16	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
Jago et al. [62]^f—Phase 1	CG: 55 (51); EG1: 65 (64)	13.0 (10–14)	Males	CRCT	Hip	9	EG1	Static	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	SB; MVPA; and Total PA (accelerometer)
Jago et al. [62]^f—Phase 2	CG: 130 (88); EG1: 103 (86)
Jauho et al. [77]	CG: 139 (38); EG1: 137 (25)	17.9 (17–18)	Males	RCT	Wrist	12	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	MVPA and SB (wearable)
Kantanista et al. [78]^f	EG1: 26 (26); EG2: 56 (56)	17.2 (16–18)	Females	Non-CT	Hip	7	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	Adaptive	No	No	No	No	No
Kerner et al. [79]^f	EG1: 62 (28)	14.5 (14–15)	Both	Non-CT	Wrist	5	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	MVPA (accelerometer)
Larsen et al. [80]^f	EG1: 21 (19)	14.7 (12–18)	Females	Non-CT	Hip	12	EG1	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	MVPA (accelerometer)
Leinonen et al. [53]^f	CG: 246 (80); EG1: 250 (87)	17.8 (17–18)	Males	RCT	Wrist	26	EG1	Static	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	MVPA and SB (wearable)
Linck [81]^f	CG: 22 (17); EG1: 22 (18)	16.6 (14–18)	Females	RCT	Hip	12	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	No	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
Lubans and Morgan [82]^f	CG: 66 (52); EG1: 50 (45)	14.2 (14–15)	Both	CRCT	Hip	8	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Lubans et al. [83]^f	CG: 66 (52); EG1: 58 (50)	14.1 (13–18)	Both	CRCT	Hip	24	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Lubans et al. [61]^f	CG: 50 (50); EG1: 50 (50)	14.3 (14–15)	Males	CRCT	Hip	24	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Macias-Cervantes et al. [84]	CG: 38 (30); EG1: 38 (32)	7.8 (6–9)	Both	RCT	Hip	12	EG1	Adaptive	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Steps (wearable)
Morris et al. [85]^f	CG: 72 (31); EG1: 82 (52)	9.9 (9–10)	Both	CRCT	Hip	6	EG1	Adaptive	No	No	No	No	No	MVPA; SB; and Total PA (accelerometer)
Newton et al. [86]^f	EG1: 14 (14); EG2: 13 (13)	8.7 (6–10)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	12	EG1	Adaptive	No	No	No	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	Adaptive	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Remmert et al. [52]	EG1: 10 (6); EG2: 10 (9)	12 (12–12)	Both	Non-CT	Wrist	12	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	MVPA (accelerometer); Steps and MVPA (wearable)
							EG2	Adaptive	No	Yes	No	No	Yes
Routen et al. [45]^f	EG1: 17 (14); EG2: 26 (20); EG3: 25 (16)	11.2 (11–12)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	3	EG1	No	No	No	No	No	No	MVPA and Total PA (accelerometer)
							EG2	Adaptive	Yes	No	No	No	No
							EG3	Adaptive	Yes	No	No	No	No
Schofield et al. [87]^f	CG: 30 (24); EG1: 27 (23); EG2: 28 (21)	15.8 (15–18)	Females	CRCT	Hip	12	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Shapiro et al. [88]^f	EG1: 18 (13); EG2: 18 (7)	8.7 (5–13)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	8	EG1	Static	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	Static	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No
Shimon and Petlichkoff [89]^f	CG: 62 (36); EG1: 72 (43); EG2: 60 (34)	13.1 (12–14)	Both	CRCT	Hip	4	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Shore et al. [90]^f	EG1: 57 (46); EG2: 56 (46)	11.9 (11–12)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	6	EG1	Static	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Smith et al. [91]^f	CG: 180 (154); EG1: 181 (139)	12.7 (12–14)	Males	CRCT	Hip	20	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Total PA and MVPA (accelerometer)
Thompson et al. [92]^f	CG: 40 (34); EG1: 40 (36); EG2: 40 (31); EG3: 40 (37)	15.2 (14–17)	Both	RCT	Hip	12	EG1	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	MVPA and Steps (accelerometer)
							EG2	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No
							EG3	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No
Wang [93]^f	EG1: 34 (24); EG2: 32 (22)	13.5 (13–14)	Females	Non-CT	Hip	6	EG1	Adaptive	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Zizzi et al. [94]^f	EG1: 84 (68); EG2: 81 (60)	16 (14–18)	Both	Non-CT	Hip	3	EG1	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Steps (wearable)
							EG2	No	Yes	No	No	No	No

CG = control group; EG = experimental group; CT = controlled trial; CRCT = cluster randomized controlled trial; RCT = randomized controlled trial; PA = physical Activity; MVPA = moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; SB = sedentary behavior.
^aNumber of participants are reported as “group: initial number (final number)”
^bAge is reported as “mean (minimum–maximum)” in years
^cBoth means that includes males and females
^dDuration is reported in number of weeks
^eWearable correspond to the same wrist-worn or hip-worn consumer-wearable activity trackers used in the intervention. Accelerometer correspond to research-grade activity trackers
^fStudies included in the meta-analysis

Back to article page