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Table 2 Incidence of (severe) injuries per 100 skier seasons and per 1000 runs and sex-specific RR

From: In-Competition Severe Injury Events in Elite Alpine Ski Racing from 1997 to 2020: The Case of the Austrian Ski Team

Injury severity category

Sex

Measure

Flørenes et al. [3]

Bere et al. [4]

Haaland et al. [5]

Alhammoud et al. [6]

Barth et al. [2]

Incidence per 100 skier seasons

All severities

Total

Incidence

36.7

36.2

33.1

73.7 (124.8)

N/A

Male

Incidence

42.1

39.7

35.7b

70.9 (121.5)

N/A

Female

Incidence

29.7

31.9

29.7b

77.8 (129.6)

N/A

Male/female

RR

1.42*

1.24*

1.20*b

0.91b (0.94b)

N/A

Female/male

RR

0.70*b

0.80*b

0.83*b

1.10b (1.07b)

N/A

Severe injuries

Total

Incidence

11.3

12.9

12.9

26.3 (38.3)

11.5 (15.7)a

Male

Incidence

11.6

13.7

N/A

N/A

9.7 (12.2)a

Female

Incidence

10.9

12.0

N/A

N/A

13.6 (20.1)a

Male/female

RR

1.07

1.14

N/A

N/A

0.72*a (0.61*a)

Female/male

RR

0.94b

0.88b

N/A

N/A

1.39*a (1.65*a)

Incidence per 1000 runs

Level of competition

WC/WSC competitions

WC/WSC/WOG competitions

WC/WSC/WOG competitions

N/A

N/A

All severities

Total

Incidence

9.8

9.3

8.7b

N/A

N/A

 

Male

Incidence

12.7

11.3

10.2b

N/A

N/A

 

Female

Incidence

6.2

7.1

7.0b

N/A

N/A

 

Male/female

RR

2.05*

1.58*

1.46*b

N/A

N/A

 

Female/male

RR

0.49*b

0.63*b

0.68*b

N/A

N/A

Severe injuries

Total

Incidence

N/A

2.9

3.0b

N/A

N/A

 

Male

Incidence

N/A

3.6

N/A

N/A

N/A

 

Female

Incidence

N/A

2.1

N/A

N/A

N/A

 

Male/female

RR

N/A

1.70*

N/A

N/A

N/A

 

Female/male

RR

N/A

0.59*b

N/A

N/A

N/A

  1. N/A, no data available; RR, risk ratio; WC, FIS Alpine Ski World Cup; WOG, Winter Olympic Games; WSC, FIS Alpine World Ski Championships
  2. For Alhammoud et al. [6] and Barth et al. [2]: figures without parenthesis: incidence of in-competition season (severe) injuries; figures in parenthesis: incidence of in- and out-of-competition season (severe) injuries
  3. * Sig. result in the risk ratio of male vs. female athletes
  4. aInformation provided by the authors
  5. bCalculated based on article information