Table 2 Body composition of participants based on age (A), exercise volume (B), protein intake (C), and biological sex (D)

Middle

n = 26

74.7 (68.5 to 81.0)

55.3 (51.3 to 59.2)

27.0 (23.5 to 30.6)

5.6 (5.0 to 6.3)

18.0 (16.4 to 19.7)

1.3 (1.2 to 1.3)

7.8 (7.3 to 8.4)

Older

n = 27

74.5 (69.2 to 80.3)

51.9 (47.3 to 56.6)

30.0 (26.2 to 34.0)

5.7 (5.1 to 6.4)

17.7 (16.1 to 19.2)

1.2 (1.1 to 1.2)

7.6 (7.0 to 8.1)

 p value

.936

.573

.250

.822

.459

.040

.451

Low

n = 15

78.0 (70.0 to 86.1)

52.0 (45.4 to 58.3)

35.6 (31.2 to 40.0)

5.5 (4.5 to 6.5)

16.9 (14.7 to 19.1)

1.1 (1.1 to 1.3)

7.7 (6.9 to 8.6)

Moderate

n = 24

75.8 (70.0 to 82.0)

56.4 (52.0 to 60.7)

25.1 (22.3 to 30.0)

5.8 (5.2 to 6.5)

18.6 (16.7 to 20.3)

1.3 (1.2 to 1.3)

7.8 (7.3 to 8.4)

High

n = 14

69.5 (60.3 to 79.0)

51.0 (44.7 to 56.7)

26.1 (21.8 to 31.0)

5.4 (4.4 to 6.3)

16.7 (14.2 to 19.1)

1.2 (1.1 to 1.3)

7.5 (6.7 to 8.3)

 p value

.385

.405

.077

.344

.685

.916

.198

Low

n = 7

86.1 (70.1 to 102.1)

57.1 (46.8 to 67.6)

35.2 (27.8 to 39.0)

6.7 (4.4 to 9.0)

19.7 (15.5 to 24.0)

1.2 (1.2 to 1.3)

8.6 (7.3 to 10.0)

Moderate

n = 13

80.6 (72.6 to 92.0)

57.1 (50.7 to 63.5)

31.6 (25.9 to 37.3)

5.4 (4.6 to 6.3)

17.6 (14.6 to 20.6)

1.3 (1.1 to 1.4)

7.6 (6.6 to 8.6)

High

n = 33

70.0^a (65.8 to 71.0)

51.8 (47.9 to 55.8)

25.3^a (22.2 to 28.3)

5.4 (4.8 to 6.0)

17.1 (15.7 to 18.4)

1.2 (1.1 to 1.3)

7.6 (7.1 to 8.0)

 p value

.025

.933

.005

.063

.263

.093

.143

Males

n = 36

80.2 (75.5 to 85.0)

59.2 (56.3 to 62.0)

25.8 (23.1 to 28.4)

6.5 (6.2 to 6.9)

19.8 (19.7 to 20.8)

1.3 (1.2 to 1.3)

8.4 (8.0 to 8.7)

Females

n = 17

64.1 (55.0 to 62.0)

42.4 (39.5 to 45.3)

34.1 (29.2 to 38.5)

3.8 (3.5 to 4.1)

13.4 (12.6 to 14.2)

1.1 (1.0 to 1.1)

6.5 (6.1 to 7.0)

 p value

< .001

< .001

< .001

< .001

< .001

< .001

< .001