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Table 3 Demographics of health-conscious walkers

From: The Impact of Health Consciousness on the Association Between Walking Durations and Mental Health Conditions After a Disaster: a Cross-Sectional Study

   Number of participants in each demographic category Number (%) of participants walking≧ 60 min/day Number (%) of participants walking between 30 and 60 min/day Number (%) of participants walking < 30 min/day p value
Total Number   366 113 148 105  
Age 20–29 31 12 (10.6) 10 (6.8) 9 (8.6) 0.25
  30–39 43 16 (14.2) 19 (12.8) 8 (7.6)  
  40–49 60 22 (19.5) 21 (14.2) 17 (16.2)  
  50–59 92 32 (28.3) 37 (25.0) 23 (21.9)  
  60–69 84 15 (13.3) 39 (26.4) 30 (28.6)  
  70 ≦ 56 16 (14.2) 22 (14.9) 18 (17.1)  
Gender Male 165 59 (52.2) 71 (48.0) 35 (33.3) 0.01*
  Female 201 54 (47.8) 77 (52.0) 70 (66.7)  
The number of family members 1 21 5 (4.4) 8 (5.4) 8 (7.6) 0.59
  2 75 18 (15.9) 33 (22.3) 24 (22.9)  
  3 87 29 (25.7) 38 (25.7) 20 (19.0)  
  4 56 17 (15.0) 22 (14.9) 17 (16.2)  
  5 52 22 (19.5) 15 (10.1) 15 (14.3)  
  6 47 13 (11.5) 19 (12.8) 15 (14.3)  
  7 16 5 (4.4) 7 (4.7) 4 (3.8)  
  8 7 1 (0.9) 4 (2.7) 2 (1.9)  
  9 2 2 (1.8) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0)  
Residential condition Living in the same place as before the GEJE 89 33 (29.2) 35 (23.6) 21 (20.0) 0.27
  Living in a different place not due to the disaster 7 3 (2.7) 0 (0.0) 4 (3.8)  
  Post-disaster publicly funded rental accommodation 2 0 (0.0) 2 (1.4) 0 (0.0)  
  Houses of relatives or friends 14 3 (2.7) 7 (4.7) 4 (3.8)  
  Prefabricated post-disaster public housing 35 7 (6.2) 14 (9.5) 14 (13.3)  
  Newly built houses in the relocated high-land area 91 32 (28.3) 34 (23.0) 25 (23.8)  
  Newly built houses outside of the relocated high-land area 95 24 (21.2) 44 (29.7) 27 (25.7)  
  Others 29 9 (8.0) 10 (6.8) 10 (9.5)  
Perceived economic status Extremely difficult 20 7 (6.2) 7 (4.7) 6 (5.7) 0.98
  Difficult 59 19 (16.8) 23 (15.5) 17 (16.2)  
  A little difficult 106 29 (25.7) 45 (30.4) 32 (30.5)  
  Fine 179 58 (51.3) 71 (48.0) 50 (47.6)  
Alcohol drinking habits Drinking 140 45 (39.8) 61 (41.2) 34 (32.4) 0.45
  Non-drinking 190 58 (51.3) 74 (50.0) 58 (55.2)  
Smoking habits Smoking 55 18 (15.9) 21 (14.2) 16 (15.2) 0.93
  Non-smoking 290 89 (78.8) 118 (79.7) 83 (79.0)  
CES-D < 16 279 96 (85.0) 113 (76.4) 70 (66.7) 0.007**
  ≧ 16 87 17 (15.0) 35 (23.6) 35 (33.3)  
K6 < 9 328 106 (93.8) 133 (89.9) 89 (84.8) 0.09
  ≧ 9 38 7 (6.2) 15 (10.1) 16 (15.2)  
IES-R < 25 294 96 (85.0) 120 (81.1) 78 (74.3) 0.14
  ≧ 25 72 17 (15.0) 28 (18.9) 27 (25.7)  
  1. Distribution of walker with health-conscious group regarding age groups (20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, ≦ 70), gender, the number of family members, residential status at the time of the survey [living in the same place as before the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), living in a different place with reasons other than the consequence of the GEJE, post-disaster publicly funded rental accommodation, houses of relatives or friends, prefabricated post-disaster public housing, newly built houses in the relocated high-land area, newly built houses outside of the relocated high-land area, others], economic states (extremely difficult, difficult, a little difficult, fine), alcohol consumption (drinking, non-drinking), smoking status (smoking, non-smoking), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D; non-depressive: < 16, depressive: ≧ 16), the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6; non-distressed: < 9, distressed: ≧ 9), and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R; non-PTSR < 25, PTSR ≧ 25). The distributions of the above parameters were shown for each walking durations subgroup (≧ 60 min/day, between 30 and 60 min/day, < 30 min/day). Differences in the distributions of each parameter among the three walking duration subgroups were evaluated using the Chi-square test
  2. Significance levels: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01
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