The performance of the World Rugby Head Injury Assessment Screening Tool: a diagnostic accuracy study

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 3 Diagnostic accuracy of HIA01 screening tool sub-tests compared if baseline thresholds applied^a

Sub-test	TP	FN	FP	TN	Sensitivity (%, 95% CI)	Specificity (%, 95% CI)	AUROC (95% CI)
Maddocks questions	36	398	13	604	8.3 (5.9–11.3)	97.9 (96.4–98.9)	0.5 (0.5–0.6)
Immediate memory	75	359	71	546	17.3 (13.8–21.2)	88.5 (85.7–90.0)	0.5 (0.5–0.6)
Digits backwards	145	289	93	524	33.4 (29.0–38.1)	84.9 (81.9–87.7)	0.6 (0.6–0.6)
Tandem gait	203	231	268	349	46.8 (42.0–51.6)	56.6 (52.5–60.5)	0.5 (0.5–0.6)
Symptoms	211	223	50	567	48.6 (43.8–53.4)	91.6 (89.5–93.9)	0.76 (0.7–0.7)
Delayed recall	158	276	115	502	36.4 (31.9–41.1)	81.4 (78.1–84.4)	0.6 (0.6–0.66)
Clinical signs^b	189	259	43	627	42.2 (37.6–46.9)	93.6 (91.5–95.3)	0.7 (0.7–0.7)

TP true positive, FN false negative, FP false positive, TN true negative, AUROC area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic
^aBaseline threshold = any worsening in off-field screening sub-test performance compared to previous baseline value
^bSub-test does not have normative or baseline threshold