Monitoring the Athlete Match Response: Can External Load Variables Predict Post-match Acute and Residual Fatigue in Soccer? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Hader, Karim; Rumpf, Michael C.; Hertzog, Maxime; Kilduff, Liam P.; Girard, Olivier; Silva, Joao R.

doi:10.1186/s40798-019-0219-7

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 4 Summary of findings from meta-analysis describing the relationship between external load metrics of level 1 [3] and fatigue-related markers

From: Monitoring the Athlete Match Response: Can External Load Variables Predict Post-match Acute and Residual Fatigue in Soccer? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Predictors	Fatigue-related markers	Time	ṝ	Lower CL	Upper CL	Number of studies/correlations	Evidence	n	I²	chi²	p
TD	Muscle damage	Post	0.36	0.05	0.67	5/3	Limited	48	66	2.95	0.09
		G + 24H	0.36	0.19	0.53	5/6	Limited	87	0	4.73	0.45
		G + 48H	0.23	0.05	0.42	6/7	Moderate	97	0	4.81	0.44
		G + 72H	− 0.02			1/1	No	10
	CMJ_PPO	G + 24H	− 0.16	− 0.47	0.15	2/5	Conflicted	67	41	7.83	0.10
		G + 48H	0.09	− 0.08	0.27	2/5	Moderate	67	0	2.46	0.65
	CMJ performance	G + 48H	0.04			1/1	No	10
		G + 72H	− 0.06			1/1	No	10
	Leucocytes count	G + 24H	− 0.10			2/1	No	39
		G + 48H	0.21			2/1	No	39
		G + 72H	0.09			2/1	No	39
	Cortisol	Post	NS			1/0	No
		G + 24H	0.50			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.52			1/1	Limited	20
	Testosterone	Post	NS			1/1	No	20
		G + 24H	NS			1/1	No	20
		G + 48H	NS			1/1	No	20
	PT 1 Hz	Post	− 0.19			1/1	No	19
	PT 10 Hz	Post	− 0.20			1/1	No	19
	PT 100 Hz	Post	− 0.17			1/1	No	19
	DOMS	G + 24H	− 0.04			1/1	No	20
		G + 48H	0.06			1/1	No	20
		G + 72H	0.04			1/1	No	20
	PT Concentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.68			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.43			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.42			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Concentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.76			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.65			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.58			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.59			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.40			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.44			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.82			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.58			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.56			1/1	Limited	20
	BAM+	G + 24H	0.09			1/1	No	35
		G + 48H	0.14			1/1	No	35
TD/min	Muscle damage	G + 24H	0.13	0.05	0.26	2/2	Limited	67
		G + 48H	− 0.06	0.00	− 0.11	2/2	Limited	67
	CMJ_PPO	G + 24H	− 0.03	− 0.05	− 0.01	2/2	Limited	67
		G + 48H	− 0.11	− 0.11	− 0.10	2/2	Limited	67
	BAM+	G + 24H	− 0.47			1/1	Limited	35
		G + 48H	− 0.51			1/1	Limited	35
HIR	Muscle damage	Post	0.55	0.33	0.78	5/3	Moderate	45	59	3.40	0.18
		G + 24H	0.37			3/ 1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.37	0.21	0.53	3/2	Limited	35	0	0.57	0.45
	MVIC Dom	G + 24H	− 0.55			2/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.43			2/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.46			2/1	Limited	20
	DOMS	G + 24H	− 0.03			2/1	No	34
		G + 48H	0.00			2/1	No	34
		G + 72H	0.04			2/1	No	34
	Leucocytes count	G + 24H	− 0.11			2/1	No	39
		G + 48H	0.21			2/1	No	39
	Cortisol	Post	NS			2/0	No
		G + 24H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 48H	NS			1/0	No
	Testosterone	Post	NS			2/0	No
		G + 24H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 48H	NS			1/0	No
	PT 1 Hz	Post	− 0.22			1/1	No	19
	PT 10 Hz	Post	− 0.24			1/1	No	19
	PT 100 Hz	Post	− 0.20			1/1	No	19
	PT Concentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.69			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.46			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.45			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Concentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.77			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.68			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.59			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.59			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.43			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.46			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.83			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.60			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.58			1/1	Limited	20
VHIR	Muscle damage	Post	0.67	0.40	0.94	5/3	Moderate	45	77	8	0.02
		G + 24H	0.54	0.35	0.65	5/6	Strong	87	0	2.80	0.73
		G + 48H	0.36	0.19	0.53	5/7	Moderate	87	0	4.55	0.47
	CMJ_PPO	G + 24H	− 0.52	− 0.64	− 0.40	2/5	Strong	67	0	2.21	0.70
		G + 48H	− 0.25	− 0.48	− 0.02	2/5	Limited	67	0	4.63	0.33
	MVIC Dom	G + 24H	− 0.57			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.45			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.43			1/1	Limited	20
	Leucocytes count	G + 24H	− 0.12			2/1	No	39
		G + 48H	0.19			2/1	No	39
	BAM+	G + 24H	− 0.21			1/1	No	35
		G + 48H	− 0.17			1/1	No	35
	Cortisol	Post	NS			2/0	No
		G + 24H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 48H	NS			1/0	No
	Testosterone	Post	NS			2/0	No
		G + 24H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 48H	NS			1/0	No
	CMJ performance	Post	NS			1/0	No
		G + 24H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 48H	NS			1/0	No
	DOMS	G + 24H	0.07			1/1	No	20
		G + 48H	0.07			1/1	No	20
		G + 72H	− 0.10			1/1	No	20
	PT Concentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.69			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.51			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.51			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Concentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.78			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.72			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.61			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.59			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.51			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.48			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.83			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.63			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.62			1/1	Limited	20
VHIR dist/min	Muscle damage	G + 24H	0.37	0.11	0.55	2/5	Limited	67
		G + 48H	0.13	0.05	0.31	2/5	Limited	67
	CMJ_PPO	G + 24H	− 0.22	− 0.48	− 0.03	2/5	Limited	67
		G + 48H	− 0.25	− 0.53	0.05	2/5	Limited	67
	BAM+	G + 24H	− 0.44			1/1	Limited	35
		G + 48H	− 0.40			1/1	Limited	35
VHIR runs/min	Muscle damage	G + 24H	0.24	0.06	0.42	2/5	Limited	67
		G + 48H	0.11	− 0.05	0.29	2/5	Limited	67
	CMJ peak power	G + 24H	− 0.22	− 0.49	− 0.05	2/5	Limited	67
		G + 48H	− 0.20	− 0.41	− 0.02	2/5	Limited	67
	Cortisol	Post	NS			1/1	No
	Testosterone	Post	NS			1/1	No
	BAM+	G + 24H	− 0.55			1/1	Limited	35
		G + 48H	− 0.49			1/1	Limited	35
Sprint	Muscle damage	Post	0.12			2/1	Limited	35
		G + 24H	0.40			2/1	Limited	35
		G + 48H	0.38			3/2	Limited	45
		G + 72H	− 0.02			1/1	Limited	10
	MVIC	G + 24H	− 0.51			2/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.35			2/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.35			2/1	Limited	20
	Leucocyte count	G + 24H	− 0.10			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.17			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	− 0.23			1/1	Limited	20
	DOMS	G + 24H	0.31			2/2	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.05			2/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	− 0.37			2/1	Limited	20
	PT Concentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.58			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.55			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.58			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Concentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.70			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.70			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.56			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KE	G + 24H	− 0.45			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.64			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.45			1/1	Limited	20
	PT Eccentric KF	G + 24H	− 0.68			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 48H	0.63			1/1	Limited	20
		G + 72H	0.61			1/1	Limited	20
	CMJ performance	Post	NS			2/0	No
		G + 24H	NS			2/0	No
		G + 48H	0.27			3/1	No	10
		G + 72H	0.27			3/1	No	10
	TQR	G + 24H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 48H	NS			1/0	No
		G + 72H	NS			1/0	No

ṝ _: pooled correlation from Hunter and Schmidt random-effects method, CL: confidence limit, N: number of players, TD: total distance, KE: knee extension, KF: knee flexion, CMJ: countermovement jump, CMJ_PPO: countermovement jump peak power, PT: peak torque, DOMS: delayed onset muscle soreness, BAM+: brief assessment of the mood, HIR: high-intensity running (> 4 m s⁻¹), MVIC: maximal voluntary isometric contraction, VHIR: very high-intensity running (> 5.5 m s⁻¹), conc: concentric, ecc: eccentric, Acc: acceleration, Decel: deceleration, No: no evidence, NS: not specified, PT 1–100 Hz: peak torque induced by single (1 Hz) and paired electrical stimuli (10 and 100 Hz)

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