Table 1 Heart rate, venous bicarbonate and pH for placebo, 2 and 4 mg nicotine gum. Values are mean ± SD, n = 9

HR

(beats min⁻¹)

65 ± 11

67 ± 9

64 ± 9

117 ± 15^a

125 ± 19^a,b

123 ± 15^a,b

HCO₃ ⁻

(mmol L⁻¹)

25 ± 5

27 ± 2

25 ± 5

14 ± 4^a

15 ± 3^a

16 ± 4^a

pH

7.46 ± 0.08

7.52 ± 0.06^b,c

7.47 ± 0.06

7.29 ± 0.10^a

7.35 ± 0.08^a

7.30 ± 0.10^a