Effectiveness of Intervention Strategies to Increase Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Time in Secondary School Settings, Including Factors Related to Implementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Contardo Ayala, Ana María; Parker, Kate; Mazzoli, Emiliano; Lander, Natalie; Ridgers, Nicola D.; Timperio, Anna; Lubans, David R.; Abbott, Gavin; Koorts, Harriet; Salmon, Jo

doi:10.1186/s40798-024-00688-7

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies and study populations description

From: Effectiveness of Intervention Strategies to Increase Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Time in Secondary School Settings, Including Factors Related to Implementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors	Design^*	n	Sex (%)	Age (y) (Mean, range)	Length (weeks)	Outcomes^‡	Overall methodological quality rating
Aceves-Martins et al., 2017 [55]	RCT - cluster	393	I = 50.6% B C = 47.5% B	14.6 ± 0.7, 13–16	52	PA, SED	Moderate
Ahmed et al., 2022 [95]	RCT - cluster	320	I = 65.6% B C = 51.9% B	I = 14.4 ± 1.2 C = 14.2 ± 0.9, 13–17	12	PA, SED	Weak
Altunkurek et al., 2019 [54]	RCT	132	I₁: 42.4% B I₂: 50% B C: 51.5% B	12–15	12	PA, WB	Weak
Amoah et al., 2021 [94]	RCT - cluster	848	51.3% G	16.9 ± 1.4 14–19	26	PA, H	Weak
Andrade et al., 2014 [70]	RCT – cluster	1234	37.6% B 62.4% G	12.8 ± 0.8	121	PA, SED, H, F	Moderate
Andrade et al., 2015 [96]	RCT – cluster	1234	37.6% B 62.4% G	12.8 ± 0.8	121	SED	Moderate
Ardic et al., 2016 [89]	Quasi - Ex	87	50.6% G	12.8 ± 0.8, 12–15	52	PA, H	Weak
Barbosa Filho et al., 2016 [63]	RCT - cluster	1085	I = 51.8% B C = 51.2% B	11–17	17	PA	Moderate
Barbosa Filho et al., 2017 [125]						PA, H	Moderate
Barbosa Filho et al., 2019 [97]						PA	Moderate
Bandeira et al., 2020 [109]						SED	Moderate
Bell et al., 2017 [42]	RCT	928	No reported	12–13	17	PA, SED	Weak
Bogart et al., 2016 [49]	RCT	1368	49.1% B	12.2 ± 0.68	5	H	Weak
Bonhauser et al., 2005 [87]	Quasi - Ex	198	I = 45.9% G C = 57% G	I = 15.5 ± 0.8 C = 15.5 ± 0.9	43	PA, F, WB	Weak
Budde et al., 2010 [52]	RCT	59	I₁ = 50% B I₂ = 55% B C = 62% B	14.4 ± 0.5	12 min	H, AC	Weak
Bush et al., 2010 [126]	Quasi - Ex	191	I = 48% B C = 32% B	I = 13.9 ± 0.7 B I = 13.8 ± 0.9 G C = 12.5 ± 0.6 B C = 12.5 ± 0.6 G	16	PA	Weak
Laberge et al., 2012 [110]	Quasi - Ex	191	I = 48% B C = 32% B		16	AC	Weak
Carlin et al., 2018 [76]	RCT - cluster	197	100% G	11–13, 12.4 ± 0.6	12	PA, SED, H, F, WB	Moderate
Chen et al., 2020 [85]	Quasi - Ex	377	I₁ = 53.6% G I₂ = 55.4% G	No reported	12	PA	Weak
Contardo Ayala et al., 2018 [80]	Quasi - Ex	105	43.2% G	14.8 ± 1.7, 12–17	17	H, F	Weak
Sudholz et al., 2020 [100]	Quasi - Ex	105	43.2% G	14.8 ± 1.7, 12–17	17	PA, SED, AC	Weak
Corder et al., 2016 [51]	RCT	788	I = 47.7% B C = 43.5% B	I = 13.2 ± 0.4 C = 13.1 ± 0.3	8	PA, WB	Moderate
Corder et al., 2020 [73]	RCT - cluster	2862	I = 46.6% G C = 48.9% G	I = 13.2 ± 0.4 C = 13.2 ± 0.4	12	PA, SED, H, WB	Weak
Corepal et al., 2019 [56]	RCT - cluster	224	46.9% B	12–14	22	PA, SED	Weak
Costigan et al., 2018 [46]	RCT	65	69% B	15.8 ± 0.6	8	PA	Weak
Cui et al., 2012 [53]	RCT	682	I = 50.9% B C = 52.7% B	I = 12.7 ± 0.5 B I = 12.6 ± 0.5 G C = 12.8 ± 0.5 B C = 12.6 ± 0.4 G	4	PA, SED	Weak
Gammon et al., 2019 [71]	RCT - cluster	222	51% B	No reported	12	PA, SED	Weak
Ghammam et al., 2017 [81]	Quasi - Ex	4003	I = 50.2% B C = 46.5% B	11–16	156	PA, SED	Weak
Haapala et al., 2017 [86]	Quasi - Ex	319	66.7% G	14.0 ± 0.6	87	PA, SED	Weak
Haerens et al., 2006 [35]	RCT - cluster	2840	36.6% G	13.1 ± 0.8, 11–15	43	PA, H	Moderate
Haerens et al., 2007 [98]	RCT - cluster	2840	36.6% G	13.1 ± 0.8, 11–15	43	PA	Moderate
Harrington, 2018 [36]	RCT - cluster	1752	100% G	11–14	61	PA, SED	Strong
Gorely et al., 2019 [115]	RCT - cluster	1752	100% G	11–14	61	FRI	Strong
Hollis et al., 2016 [60]	RCT - cluster	1150	48% B	12	104	H	Strong
Sutherland et al., 2016 [102]						PA, FRI	Strong
Sutherland et al., 2016 [127]						PA, FRI	Moderate
Sutherland et al., 2020 [34]	RCT - cluster	6476	No reported	No reported	52	FRI	Weak
Sutherland et al., 2021 [45]	RCT - cluster	6476	No reported	No reported	104	FRI	Weak
James et al., 2020 [48]	RCT	909	51.2% B 48.8% G	13–14	52	H, F	Weak
Kariippanon et al., 2019 [43]	Cross-over trial	171	No reported	13.2 ± 1	2	PA, SED	Weak
Kennedy et al., 2018 [77]	RCT - cluster	607	50.1% G	14.1 ± 0.5	10	F, PA, FRI	Weak
Kennedy et al., 2019 [117]	RCT - cluster	607	50.1% G	14.1 ± 0.5	10	FRI	Weak
Kennedy et al., 2021 [92]	Hybrid	750	47.6% G	14.4 ± 1	10	F, FRI	Weak
Knebel et al., 2020 [68]	RCT - cluster	597	I = 51% G C = 54.1% G	13.0 ± 1.0	39	SED	Weak
Knox et al., 2012 [84]	Quasi – Ex	192	No reported	I = 12.4 ± 0.5 C = 12.1 ± 1.1	18	PA, H	Weak
Kolle et al., 2020 [65]	RCT - cluster	2084	I₁ = 50% G I₂ = 49% G C = 49% G	14 ± 0.3	39	PA, SED, F	Strong
Solberg et al., 2021 [78]	RCT - cluster	2084	I₁ = 50% G I₂ = 49% G C = 49% G	14 ± 0.3	39	AC	Weak
Lazorick et al., 2015 [90]	Quasi - Ex	362	I = 53% B C = 51% B	I = 13.3 ± 0.8 C = 13.1 ± 0.5	14	PA, H	Weak
Leme et al., 2016 [107]	RCT - cluster	253	100% G	15.61 ± 0.05	26	PA, SED, H	Weak
Leme et al., 2018 [37]	RCT - cluster	253	100% G	15.61 ± 0.05	26	PA, SED, H	Weak
Lubans et al., 2010 [93]	RCT	108	I₁ = 59% B I₂ = 49% B C = 47% B	15.0 ± 0.7	8	H, F	Weak
Lubans et al., 2011 [104]	RCT	100	100% B	14.3 ± 0.6	26	PA, H	Moderate
Morgan et al., 2012 [114]						WB	Weak
Lubans et al., 2012 [50]						PA, H	Moderate
Lubans et al., 2012 [118]	RCT - cluster	357	100% G	13.2 ± 0.5	52	PA, SED, H, F	Strong
Dewar et al., 2013 [59]						PA, SED, H	Strong
Dewar et al., 2014 [103]						PA, SED, AC	Strong
Lubans et al., 2021 [99]	RCT - cluster	670	44.6% G	16.0 ± 0.43	52	PA, H, AC, F, WB	Moderate
Mavilidi et al., 2020 [66]	RCT - cluster	221	49.8% G	16.0 ± 0.5 16–18	52	AC	Weak
Valkenborghs et al., 2022 [113]	RCT - cluster	56	61% G	16.1 ± 0.4	26	H	Strong
Ludyga et al., 2018 [64]	RCT - cluster	36	I = 12% G C = 24.2% G	12–15	8	AC	Weak
Ludyga et al., 2019 [62]	RCT - cluster	94	100% B	13.9 ± 0.8, 12–15	20 min session	AC	Weak
Melnyk et al., 2013 [67]	RCT - cluster	779	51.5% G	14–16	26	PA, H, AC	Weak
Melnyk et al., 2015 [111]	RCT - cluster	779	51.5% G	14–16	26	H, WB	Weak
Murphy et al., 2022 [41]	Quasi - Ex	85	100% G	13 ± 0.7	10	PA, WB, F	Weak
Okely et al., 2017 [38]	RCT - cluster	1769	100% G	13.6 ± 0.0	78	PA, SED	Strong
Parrish et all, 2018 [57]	RCT - cluster	88	50% B	14.7 ± 0.7, 13–16	22	PA, SED, AC	Moderate
Peralta et al., 2009 [33]	RCT	33	100% B	12.5 ± 0.4	26	PA, H, F	Weak
Schofield et al., 2005 [40]	Quasi - Ex	90	100% G	15.8 ± 0.8, 15–18	12	PA, H	Weak
Sebire et al., 2018 [39]	RCT - cluster	427	100% G	12–13	22	PA	Moderate
Sebire et al., 2019 [116]	RCT - cluster	427	100% G	12–13	22	FRI	Moderate
Smith et al., 2014 [106]	RCT - cluster	361	100% B	12.7 ± 0.5	20	PA, SED, H	Weak
Lubans et al., 2016 [108]						PA, SED	Weak
Lubans et al., 2016 [69]						SED, H, F, WB	Weak
Subramanian et al., 2015 [47]	RCT	439	43.1% G	12–17	26	AC	Weak
Suchert et al., 2015 [61]	RCT - cluster	1162	48% G	13.7 ± 0.7, 12–17	12	PA, SED, F	Moderate
Sudholz et al., 2016 [79]	Quasi - Ex	43	49% G	13.7 ± 1.4, 12–16	7	PA, SED	Weak
Tarp et al., 2016 [72]	RCT - cluster	632	48.9% G	12.9 ± 0.6	20	PA, H, AC, F	Moderate
Torbeyns et al., 2017 [44]	RCT	56	51.8% B	14.3 ± 0.6	22	H, F	Weak
Tymms et al., 2016 [58]	RCT - cluster	1494	I = 51.0% G C = 53.3% G	I = 11.72 C = 11.79	6	PA	Weak
Van Woudenberg et al., 2018 [75]	RCT - cluster	190	53.68% G	12.17, 11–14	1	PA	Weak
Verloigne et al., 2018 [74]	RCT - cluster	156	54.5% G	15.5 ± 0.5	26	PA, SED, WB	Moderate
Yang et al., 2017 [83]	Quasi - Ex	820	I = 73.2% B C = 79.1% B	I = 10.9 ± 1.6 C = 11.0 ± 1.5	52	PA, H, F	Weak
Yli-Piipari et al., 2016 [82]	Quasi - Ex-	94	51.1% G	11–15	4	PA, F	Weak
Yu et al., 2021 [91]	Quasi - Ex	514	No reported	No reported	21	PA, FRI	Weak

Abbreviations: n = number; y = years. * (Study design) RCT = randomised controlled trial; Quasi - ex = quasi experimental; Hybrid = hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial design
^† (Sex) B = boys; G = girls; I = Intervention group; C = comparison/control group ^‡ (Outcomes) PA = physical activity; SED = sedentary behaviour; WB = wellbeing; H = health; F = fitness, AC = academic outcomes; FRI = factors relating to the implementation

Back to article page