Knee Biomechanics During Neurocognitively Challenged Drop Landings in Male Elite Soccer Players with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 2 Group comparisons of landing kinematics (Mann–Whitney-U test)

Variable	Group	Median	IQR	Test statistic (U)	p-value	Effect size (δ)
Max flexion [°]	CON	56.70	53.10–61.10	93.00	0.43	0.17
Max flexion [°]	ACLR	60.90	54.90–65.00	93.00	0.43	0.17
Min flexion [°]	CON	55.20	53.00–58.00	59.00	0.02*	0.47
Min flexion [°]	ACLR	50.00	47.20–53.90	59.00	0.02*	0.47
Mean flexion [°]	CON	53.10	50.10–59.10	91.00	0.38	0.19
Mean flexion [°]	ACLR	56.80	53.60–61.80	91.00	0.38	0.19
Max valgus [°]	CON	7.43	6.58–8.50	112.00	1.00	0.00
Max valgus [°]	ACLR	7.52	5.64–8.86	112.00	1.00	0.00
Min valgus [°]	CON	5.91	4.41–7.88	109.00	0.92	0.03
Min valgus [°]	ACLR	5.48	4.50–7.05	109.00	0.92	0.03
Mean valgus [°]	CON	7.11	5.76–7.52	111.00	0.96	0.01
Mean valgus [°]	ACLR	6.67	5.71–7.70	111.00	0.96	0.01
Max tibial rotation [°]	CON	4.97	4.67–5.69	102.00	0.68	0.09
Max tibial rotation [°]	ACLR	5.02	3.98–5.62	102.00	0.68	0.09
Min tibial rotation [°]	CON	2.56	2.43–2.93	104.00	0.74	0.07
Min tibial rotation [°]	ACLR	2.59	2.24–2.72	104.00	0.74	0.07
Mean tibial rotation [°]	CON	3.75	3.53–4.50	107.00	0.83	0.04
Mean tibial rotation [°]	ACLR	3.78	3.42–3.88	107.00	0.83	0.04

All kinematic data were calculated during initial contact. ACLR = Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, CON = control, IQR = interquartile range, max = maximum, min = minimum. δ = Cliff’s delta,* significant difference