Table 2 Comparison of outcomes following intramuscular tendon injury

IMT injuries

12

16

8

6

1

15

13

13

1

29

64

41

Cohort

AFL and RL

AFL

Mixed—mainly soccer

Single EPL team

EPL footballer

Elite T + F

Elite T + F

Single EPL team

EPL footballer

Mixed—mainly soccer

Mixed—mainly soccer

Mixed—mainly soccer

Conservative management

9

16

0

Unclear

0

0

13

Unclear

1

29

64

41

Surgical management

3

0

8

Unclear

1

15

0

Unclear

0

0

0

0

Recurrence

n/a

31%

0%

n/a

Unclear

60%

0%

16%

0%

17%

20%

20%

 2c

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

63%

0%

n/a

0

n/a

n/a

 3c

n/a

40%

n/a

n/a

57%

0%

n/a

21%

n/a

n/a

Blinded to MRI findings

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Location

 BF

100%

n/a

62%

n/a

100%

n/a

85%

100%

n/a

59%

75%

56%

 SM

0%

n/a

25%

n/a

0%

n/a

15%

n/a

n/a

17%

13%

20%

 ST

0%

n/a

0%

n/a

0%

n/a

n/a

n/a

24%

13%

0%

 BF/ST

0%

n/a

13%

n/a

0%

n/a

n/a

n/a

0%

0%

24%

TTRTP/TTRFT

 Conservative

72 (IQR 42–109)

21–105

n/a

n/a

n/a

54 days

37.5

37 (8–103)

120 days

28 ± 10 days

n/a

31 (IQR 22–42)

 Surgical

91 days (IQR 84–91)

n/a

3.5–4.5 months

n/a

10 weeks

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

 2c

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

27 ± 6.8 (Range 18–35)

35 (IQR 9.5, Range 25–43)

n/a

n/a

24 days

n/a

n/a

 3c

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

84 ± 49.4 (Range 40–128)

51.5 (IQR 23.8, Range 28–70)

n/a

n/a

28 days

n/a

n/a

Rehabilitation

n/a

Criteria based

Running based, no strength

Criteria based

Criteria based—strength and field

No formal criteria

BAMIC' approach

Strength and function based

Criteria based

Criteria based

Criteria based

Criteria based

Follow-up

Unclear

Unclear

8–24 months

12 months

Unclear

3 months

3 months

3 months

13 months

12 months

12 months

12 months