Sex-Specific Accumulated Oxygen Deficit During Short- and Middle-Distance Swimming Performance in Competitive Youth Athletes

Massini, Danilo Alexandre; Almeida, Tiago André Freire; Macedo, Anderson Geremias; Espada, Mário Cunha; Reis, Joana Francisca; Alves, Francisco José Bessone; Fernandes, Ricardo Jorge Pinto; Pessôa Filho, Dalton Müller

doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00594-4

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 1 Mean ± SD and standard error of measure values of the main variables obtained in the front crawl incremental protocol and 50, 100, and 200 m trials

From: Sex-Specific Accumulated Oxygen Deficit During Short- and Middle-Distance Swimming Performance in Competitive Youth Athletes

	Men (n = 10)			Women (n = 10)			Total (n = 20)
	Mean ± SD	IC_95%	SEM	Mean ± SD	IC_95%	SEM	Mean ± SD	IC_95%	SEM
Step protocol
V̇O_2peak (ml × kg⁻¹ × min⁻¹)	58.8 ± 5.5	54.8–62.7	1.7	56.1 ± 6.7	51.1–60.9	2.1	57.4 ± 6.2	54.5–60.3	1.38
vV̇O_2peak (m × s⁻¹)	1.29 ± 0.07*	1.24–1.34	0.02	1.21 ± 0.07*	1.17–1.25	0.02	1.25 ± 0.08	1.21–1.29	0.02
Slope (ml × kg⁻¹ × m⁻¹)	0.49 ± 0.08	0.43–0.55	0.03	0.54 ± 0.13	0.45–0.63	0.04	0.51 ± 0.11	0.46–0.56	0.02
Intercept (ml × kg⁻¹)	12.6 ± 4.6	9.3 ± 15.9	1.45	12.6 ± 2.9	10.5 ± 14.7	0.92	12.6 ± 3.7	10.9 ± 14.4	0.82
50 m
Velocity (m × s⁻¹)	1.66 ± 0.17*^bc	1.54–1.78	0.05	1.52 ± 0.08*^bc	1.46–1.57	0.03	1.59 ± 0.15^bc	1.52–1.66	0.03
AOD (L)	1.37 ± 0.24^bc	1.19–1.54	0.08	1.33 ± 0.24^bc	1.16–1.50	0.07	1.35 ± 0.24^bc	1.24–1.46	0.05
V̇O_2Demand (L)	2.07 ± 0.24*^bc	1.90–2.25	0.08	1.81 ± 0.26*^bc	1.62–1.99	0.08	1.94 ± 0.28^bc	1.81–2.07	0.06
V̇O_2Ac (L)	0.57 ± 0.15*^bc	0.47–0.68	0.47	0.34 ± 0.11*^bc	0.27–0.42	0.03	0.46 ± 0.17^bc	0.38–0.54	0.04
100 m
Velocity (m × s⁻¹)	1.48 ± 0.12^ac	1.39–1.56	0.04	1.41 ± 0.07^ac	1.36–1.46	0.02	1.44 ± 0.10^ac	1.40–1.49	0.02
AOD (L)	2.08 ± 0.67^ac	1.60–2.55	0.21	1.97 ± 0.29^ac	1.76–2.18	0.09	2.02 ± 0.50^ac	1.79–2.26	0.11
V̇O_2Demand (L)	4.32 ± 0.54*^ac	3.94–4.71	0.17	3.69 ± 0.49*^ac	3.34–4.04	0.15	4.00 ± 0.57^ac	3.73–4.28	0.13
V̇O_2Ac (L)	2.04 ± 0.32*^ac	1.81–2.27	0.10	1.52 ± 0.28*^ac	1.32–1.72	0.09	1.78 ± 0.40^ac	1.60–1.97	0.09
200 m
Velocity (m × s⁻¹)	1.27 ± 0.09^ab	1.21–1.34	0.03	1.21 ± 0.08^ab	1.15–1.26	0.02	1.25 ± 0.09^ab	1.20–1.28	0.02
AOD (L)	2.87 ± 0.74^ab	2.34–3.40	0.24	2.99 ± 0.68^ab	2.50–3.48	0.22	2.93 ± 0.70^ab	2.60–3.26	0.17
V̇O_2Demand (L)	9.00 ± 1.12*^ab	8.20–9.80	0.35	7.60 ± 1.07*^ab	6.83–8.36	0.34	8.30 ± 1.28^ab	7.70–8.90	0.29
V̇O_2Ac (L)	5.85 ± 0.60*^ab	5.42–6.28	0.19	4.31 ± 0.74*^ab	3.78–4.83	0.23	5.08 ± 1.03^ab	4.60–5.56	0.23

Data are depicted by sex and for the total sample
a, b, c differences between 50, 100, and 200 m trails (respectively) and ^* differences between sexes (P ≤ 0.05)
Obs.: the coefficient of linear regression adjusted to the sample N (R²_adj) corresponded to 0.99 ± 0.009, 1.00 ± 0.003, and 0.99 ± 0.007; and the Standard error of estimate (SEE) attained 0.03 ± 0.01, 0.02 ± 0.01, and 0.02 ± 0.01 ml × kg⁻¹ × min⁻¹, respectively, for men, women and the entire group of participants

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