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Table 4 Clinical characteristics and results of laboratory testing

From: Exertional Heat Stroke and Rhabdomyolysis: A Medical Record Review and Patient Perspective on Management and Long-Term Symptoms

 

EHS (n = 47)

ERM (n = 13)

Total (n = 60)

P-value

Tbody (°C)

40.6 (39.0–42.7)

37.3 (36.8–38.2)

40.4 (36.8–42.7)

< 0.001

Measurement method (n (%))

   

< 0.001

 Tympanic membrane

28 (60)

0

28 (47)

 

 Rectal

11 (23)

0

11 (18)

 

 Not reported

8 (17)

6 (46)

14 (23)

 

First measurement (n (%))

   

0.63

 On site

28 (60)

–

28 (47)

 

 On hospital arrival

11 (23)

2 (15)

13 (21)

 

 Not reported

8 (17)

4 (31)

12 (20)

 

Tbody not measured (n (%))

–

7 (54)

7 (12)

 

Symptoms during the event

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

NR

 

CNS dysfunction (n)

        

 Amnesia

11

2

1

1

12

3

45

0.37

 Ataxia

29

15

2

9

31

24

5

0.006

 Collapse

42

4

2

11

44

15

1

0.050

 Confusion

15

2

1

1

16

3

41

0.40

 Hyperactive state

5

2

1

1

6

3

51

1.00

 Hypoactive state

9

3

1

1

10

4

46

0.51

 Seizure

8

26

1

11

9

37

14

0.41

 Speech disorder

4

–

1

2

5

2

53

0.14

Muscular symptoms (n)

        

 Myalgia

26

13

12

1

38

14

8

0.15

 Muscle cramps

24

19

13

–

37

19

4

0.002

 Muscle swelling

2

22

9

3

11

25

24

< 0.001

 Muscle weakness

23

14

7

4

30

18

12

1.00

 Myoglobinuria*

1

–

4

4

5

4

51

1.00

Other (n)

        

 Dizziness

38

6

6

5

44

11

5

0.032

 Headache

27

16

7

6

34

22

4

0.75

 Nausea

29

18

6

7

35

25

–

0.36

Laboratory results

        

 Peak CK (IU/l)

419 (129–1,502,600)

17,000 (2158–75,720)

2229 (129–1,502,600)

< 0.001

  NR (n (%))

20 (43)

0

20 (33)

 

 BUN (mg/dl)

19.6 (12.6–51.0)

18.2 (7.8–33.0)

19.3 (7.8–51.0)

0.74

  NR (n (%))

23 (49)

10 (77)

33 (55)

 

 Creatinine (mg/dl)

1.47 (0.89–4.59)

0.98 (0.64–1.89)

1.42 (0.64–4.59)

0.005

  NR (n (%))

18 (38)

6 (46)

24 (40)

 

 BUN/creatinine ratio

12.6 (7.7–18.4)

14.1 (12.2–17.5)

12.0 (7.7–18.4)

0.39

  NR (n (%))

23 (49)

10 (77)

33 (55)

 

 Sodium (mEq/l)

145 (135–150)

142 (135–144)

144 (135–150)

0.029

  Sodium > 145 mEq/l (n (%))

16 (34)

0

16 (27)

0.046

  NR (n (%))

18 (38)

8 (62)

26 (43)

 

 GFR (ml/min)

55 (28–88)

90 (46–90)

58 (28–90)

0.003

  NR (n (%))

23 (49)

6 (46)

29 (48)

 
  1. BUN Blood urea nitrogen, CK = Creatine kinase; EHS = Exertional heatstroke; ERM = Exertional rhabdomyolysis; GFR = Glomerular filtration rate; NR = Not reported; Tbody = Body temperature