Variable | Preferred SR versus Increased SR | Preferred SR versus Reduced SR | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ground Reaction Force and Loading Rates | Average vertical loading rate |  + 7.5% (post 8 sessions) [40] | 1.25 (0.48, 2.01) |  − 15% [25] |  − 0.46 ( − 1.35, 0.43) |
 + 7.5% (post 4 weeks) [40] | 1.37 (0.59, 2.14) |  − 30% [25] |  − 1.25 ( − 2.22,  − 0.27) | ||
 + 7.5% (post 12 weeks) [38] | 0.81 ( − 0.03, 1.64) |  |  | ||
0.24 ( − 0.23, 0.70) |  |  | |||
 + 15% [25] | 0.25 ( − 0.63, 1.13) |  |  | ||
 + 30% [25] | 0.24 ( − 0.64, 1.12) |  |  | ||
Instantaneous vertical loading rate |  + 7.5% (post 8 sessions) [40] | 1.08 (0.33, 1.83) |  − 15% [25] |  − 0.39 ( − 1.27, 0.50) | |
 + 7.5% (post 4 weeks) [40] | 1.12 (0.37, 1.87) |  − 30% [25] |  − 1.23 ( − 2.20,  − 0.25) | ||
 + 7.5% (post 12 weeks) [38] | 0.71 ( − 0.12, 1.54) |  |  | ||
 − 0.04 ( − 0.50, 0.42) |  |  | |||
 + 15% [25] | 0.34 ( − 0.55, 1.22) |  |  | ||
 + 30% [25] | 0.29 ( − 0.60, 1.17) |  |  | ||
Vertical ground reaction force |  + 5% [49] | 0.08 ( − 0.33, 0.50) |  − 5% [49] |  − 0.17 ( − 0.58, 0.25) | |
0.24 ( − 0.11, 0.59) |  − 10% [49] |  − 0.24 ( − 0.65, 0.18) | |||
 + 30% [54] | 0.29 ( − 0.59, 1.17) |  − 30% [54] |  − 2.27 ( − 3.45,  − 1.09) | ||
Vertical ground reaction force impulse |  + 10% [30] | 1.15 (0.46, 1.84) |  − 10% [30] |  − 1.15 ( − 1.84,  − 0.46) | |
Vertical impact peak |  + 7.5% (post 12 weeks) [38] | 0.64 ( − 0.18, 1.47) |  − 15% [25] |  − 0.28 ( − 1.17, 0.60) | |
 + 10% | 0.07 ( − 0.57, 0.71) |  − 30% [25] |  − 0.90 ( − 1.83, 0.03) | ||
 + 15% [25] | 0.15 ( − 0.73, 1.02) |  |  | ||
 + 30% [25] | 0.08 ( − 0.80, 0.96) |  |  | ||
Time from initial contact to impact peak |  + 7.5% (post 12 weeks) [38] |  − 0.21 ( − 1.01. 0.59) |  |  | |
Impact attenuation |  + 10% [44] |  − 0.31 ( − 0.96, 0.33) |  − 10% [44] | 0.52 ( − 0.13, 1.17) | |
Braking impulse |  + 5% [49] | 0.38 ( − 0.04, 0.80) |  − 5% [49] |  − 0.35 ( − 0.76, 0.07) | |
0.64 (0.29, 1.00) |  − 0.73 ( − 1.08,  − 0.37) | ||||
Head impact acceleration peak |  + 10% [31] | 0.15 ( − 0.65, 0.95) |  − 10% [31] |  − 0.07 ( − 0.87, 0.73) | |
 + 20% [31] | 0.07 ( − 0.73, 0.87) |  − 20% [31] |  − 0.66 ( − 1.49, 0.16) | ||
Head active acceleration peak |  + 10% [31] | 0.29 ( − 0.52, 1.09) |  − 10% [31] |  − 0.14 ( − 0.94, 0.66) | |
 + 20% [31] | 0.63 ( − 0.20, 1.45) |  − 20% [31] |  − 0.41 ( − 1.22, 0.40) | ||
Head signal power magnitude (3–8 Hz) |  + 10% [31] | 0.26 ( − 0.55, 1.06) |  − 10% [31] |  − 0.18 ( − 0.98, 0.63) | |
 + 20% [31] | 0.53 ( − 0.29, 1.34) |  − 20% [31] |  − 0.36 ( − 1.17, 0.44) | ||
Head signal power magnitude (9–20 Hz) |  + 10% [31] |  − 0.05 ( − 0.86, 0.75) |  − 10% [31] |  − 0.08 ( − 0.88, 0.72) | |
 + 20% [31] |  − 0.46 ( − 1.27, 0.36) |  − 20% [31] |  − 0.47 ( − 1.28, 0.34) | ||
Shock attenuation (active phase) |  + 10% [31] |  − 0.60 ( − 1.42, 0.22) |  − 10% [31] | 0.15 ( − 0.65, 0.95) | |
 + 20% [31] |  − 0.82 ( − 1.66, 0.02) |  − 20% [31] |  − 0.01 ( − 0.81, 0.79) | ||
Shock attenuation (impact phase) |  + 10% [31] |  − 0.16 ( − 0.96, 0.64) |  − 10% [31] | 0.28 ( − 0.52, 1.09) | |
 + 20% [31] |  − 0.44 ( − 1.25, 0.37) |  − 20% [31] | 0.15 ( − 0.66, 0.95) |