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Table 2 Summary of the experimental design and results of the included studies

From: Acute Neuromuscular, Physiological and Performance Responses After Strength Training in Runners: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Study

n

Runner’s level

Training type

Protocols

Recovery Period

Variables

Neuromuscular

Physiological

Performance

Low et al. 2019 [23]

12

Trained

ST(PAP)

4 × 5RM band-squat jumps)

8 min

↑ DJ

↑ HR, ↔ RPE

↓ TCTT

Marcello et al. 2017 [25]

9

Trained

PRT

ST (3 × 5x85% barbell squats, Romanian deadlifts, barbell lunges; 5RM lateral lunge); PT (3 × 5 box jumps, depth jumps)

Immediately and 24 h

↑ VO2, ↓ RER

↑ RE

Blagrove et al. 2019 [4]

17

Trained

PT (PAP)

6 DJ

10 min

 ↔ HR, La, RPE ↑Readiness

↓ RE, ↔ TTE

Drummond et al. 2005 [26]

10

Not specified level

ST + AE

3 × 10 × 70%1RM of 7 exercises + 25 min at 70% VO2max

5 min

↑ VO2, HR, RPE

Marcora et al. 2007 [22]

24

Moderately trained

PT (EIMD)

100 DJ

48 h

↓ PT

↑ DOMS, ↑ CK, ↑ La, ↑RPE

 ↔ VE. VT, VO2, VCO2, HR ↑RER

↓ Speed

Doma et al. 2014 [32]

15

Recreational

ST

STAI: Incline leg press—6 × 6, Bench press—4 × 6, Bench pulls—4 × 6 STLI: Incline leg press—6 × 20, Bench press—4 × 20, Bench pulls—4 × 20

6 h

↓ PT

 ↔ VO2, HR, RPE ↔ RER

↓TTE

Taipale et al. 2014 [27]

12

Recreational

ST + AE

3 × 5x70-85%—Leg Press: 3 × 8- 10 × 30—40%; Squat: 3 × 5–8 × 70–85%; SJ: 3 × 8–10 × 30—40%

Immediately, 24 h and 48 h

↓ PT CMJ

↑ CK,  ↔ La

Doma et al. 2013 [29]

14

Recreational

ST + AE

6 × 6 Leg press, leg extension and leg curls 4 × 6; Running session: 70%-90% of VT2 and 110% of VT2

6 h

↓ PT

↑ RPE

 ↔ CR ↓ TTE

De Souza et al. 2011 [36]

11

Recreational

ST

5 × 5RM leg press, 2 × 15RM leg press

Immediately

 ↔ VO2, HR, RPE

Taipale et al. 2015 [28]

12

Recreational

ST + AE

5–8/ 8–10 (70%-85% / 30%-40%) Maximal leg press—Explosive leg press- Squat—Squat Jump-Calf raise

Immediately

↓ PT

 ↔ VO2, HR, ↓ La

↑ RE ↓ Stride length  ↔ distance, Speed

Palmer et al. 2001 [37]

9

Trained

ST

3 × 8RM—Bench press; Squat; Upright Row; Dead Lift; Seated Row

Immediately, 1 h, 8 h, 24 h

↓ PT

 ↔ VE, HR, La, RPE ↑La

 ↔ Stride length ↓ RE

Doma et al. 2015 [31]

14

Not specified level

ST

6 × 6RM squats, single-leg leg press, leg extension and leg curls

24 h and 48 h

↓ CMJ

↓ DOMS ↑ CK, VCO2, HR, RPE  ↔ VO2

Doma et al. 2017 [34]

12

Not specified level

ST

3 × 6RM, squats on a Smith machine, horizontal leg press, leg extension and leg curls

Immediately, 24 h, 48 h

↑ CMJ

Burt et al. 2013 [20]

9

Recreational

ST (EIMD)

10 × 10x80% BW, Smith machine squats

24 h and 48 h

↓ PT, CMJ, DJ, SJ

↑ DOMS, VO2, La, VE, RPE  ↔ HR

↓ Stride length

Burt et al. 2012 [19]

10

Not specified level

ST (EIMD)

10 × 10x80% BW Smith machine

24 h and 48 h

↓ PT

↑ CK, DOMS, VO2, RPE ↔ HR, La

↓ Stride length

Burt et al. 2014 [21]

8

Not specified level

ST (EIMD)

100 × 80% BW Smith Squat

24 h and 48 h

↓ PT

↑ CK, DOMS, VE, VO2, HR, La, RPE

Guimarães et al. 2020 [35]

18

Not specified level

ST

21 × 15

30 min, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h and 144 h

↑ TCTT

Doma et al. 2013 [30]

12

Trained

ST + AE

6 × 6RM leg press + 4 × 6RM leg curls and leg extension; Endurance: three incremental stages—70, 90 and 110% VT2

6 h and 24 h

↓ PT

↑RPE

↑ CR

↓ TTE

Doma et al. 2020 [33]

10

Not specified level

ST

3 × 6RM squats on a Smith machine, horizontal leg press, leg extension and leg curls

Immediately, 24 h, 48 h

↓ CMJ

↑ DOMS, VE, VO2, VCO2, HR ↔ CK ↑ RER

  1. ST Strength training, PAP post-activation potentiation, DJ drop jump, RM repetition maximum, HR heart rate, RPE rating of perceived exertion, TCTT time to complete the time trial, PRT plyometrics and resistance training, PT plyometric training, PT Peak torque, VO2 Oxygen consumption, RER respiratory exchange ratio, La lactate, RE running economy, TTE time to exhaustion, RE running economy, AE aerobic exercise, EIMD exercise-induced muscle damage, DOMS delayed-onset muscle soreness, VT tidal volume, VCO2 carbon dioxide production, VE ventilation, CMJ countermovement jump height, CK creatine kinase, SJ squat jump, BW body mass, CR cost of running, VT2 ventilatory threshold