The Relationship Between Psychological Stress and Anxiety with Gastrointestinal Symptoms Before and During a 56 km Ultramarathon Running Race

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 3 Regression coefficients for predicting gastrointestinal symptoms during a 56 km Ultramarathon running race

Model	Independent variable	Coefficients			Squared semi-partial correlations	t	Sig
Model	Independent variable	Unstandardised β	β	SE	Squared semi-partial correlations	t	p value
1. Number of race GIS
	(Constant)	− 4.349		4.053		− 1.07	0.290
	Number of pre-race GIS	0.190	0.388	0.068	0.110	2.81	0.008
	Recovery	− 0.007	− 0.036	0.041	0.000	− 0.18	0.862
	Stress	0.046	0.272	0.039	0.019	1.16	0.253
	Total state anxiety	0.003	0.042	0.012	0.001	0.26	0.795
	Body mass	0.074	0.410	0.023	0.150	3.28	0.002
2. Severity of race GIS
	(Constant)	− 4.223		3.2860		− 1.29	0.207
	Severity of pre-race GIS	0.040	0.381	0.015	0.106	2.66	0.011
	Recovery	0.018	0.115	0.034	0.005	0.55	0.586
	Stress	0.060	0.451	0.033	0.050	1.83	0.075
	Total state anxiety	− 0.007	− 0.112	0.010	0.007	− 0.67	0.507
	Body mass	0.057	0.396	0.019	0.135	3.00	0.005

Number of race GIS: mean number of GIS reported by each participant during the race (TPost); severity of race GIS: mean severity of GIS reported by each participant during the race (TPost). Number of pre-race GIS, recovery, stress, total state anxiety and severity of pre-race GIS were the sum of all times prior to race day (i.T-3, T-2, T-1, T0). Bolded values represents that independent variable contributes statistically significant to the prediction of the dependent variable (p < 0.05). A square root transformation was performed for mean severity of GIS to account for data skew. Mean number of GIS data was not skewed