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Sports Medicine - Open
Fig. 3 | Sports Medicine - Open

Fig. 3

From: The Impact of Ubiquitous Face Masks and Filtering Face Piece Application During Rest, Work and Exercise on Gas Exchange, Pulmonary Function and Physical Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Fig. 3

Pooled effect size estimates (standardised mean differences) for the transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure and carbon dioxide exhalation outcomes. Overall effects for face mask application (surgery mask, FFP2/N95 with and without valve) in comparison with a comparator/no mask control are displayed. Subgroups were based on the grouping variables of different mask types (surgery mask, FFP2/N95 with and without valve) and the different types of physical activity (rest, low-, moderate- and vigorous intensity). SMD, standardised mean difference; CI, confidence interval

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