Flørenes et al. [3] | Bere et al. [4] | Haaland et al. [5] | Alhammoud et al. [6] | Barth et al. [2] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Design | Retrospective cross-sectional | Retrospective cross-sectional | Retrospective cross-sectional | Prospective cohort study | Prospective cohort study |
Data from FIS ISS | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
Country/countries | Austria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Slovenia (2008 only) | Ten nations (see ref [3]) | International, N/A | France | Austria |
Sample | WC racers | WC racers | WC racers | EC racers | Elite alpine ski racers in the Austrian ski team |
Covering of season (according to authors’ descriptions) | WC competition season (starting on 1 November or, if earlier, the 1st WC competition of the season, until the 2 final WC competitions) | WC competition season (during the 5-month WC season) | WC competition season (1st to last WC events) | Complete season (1 May–30 April) | Complete season (1 May–30 April) |
Period (from seasona to seasona) | 2007–2008 | 2007–2012 | 2007–2015 | 2014–2018 | 1997–2018, without 1999 |
Seasons (n) | 2 | 6 | 9 | 5 | 22 |
Type of sport activity | Competition, on-snow training, off-snow training | Competition, on-snow trainingb | Competition, on-snow training | Competition, on-snow training, off-snow training | Competition, on-snow training |
Mode of injury onset (presentation) | Sudden onset | Sudden onset | Sudden onset | Sudden onset, gradual onset | Sudden onset |
Mode of injury onset (mechanism) | Acute | Acute | Acute | Acute, repetitive | Acute |
Definition of severe injury | > 28 days of absence from training and competition | > 28 days of absence from training and competition | > 28 days of absence from training and competition | > 28 days of absence from training and competition | > 35 days of absence from training and competition |
Multiple injury count method | One body part per event | N/A | N/A | One body part per event | Distinctive analysis |