Category | Physiological index | Application | Types of sensors | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sweat monitoring | Glucose and lactate | Blood sugar and physiological load monitoring | Iontophoresis electrode-based sensors | [20] |
Electrolyte concentration | Hydration monitoring, measuring of trace mineral densities, etc. | Galvanic skin resistance (GSR) | ||
Temperature sensors | Skin/core temperature measurement | Acute infection monitoring | Pyroelectric sensors | [30] |
Cortisol | Stress monitoring | Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets | [31] | |
Emotion regulation | Skin conduction | Continuous estimation of stress | GSR | [32] |
Respiration | Oxygen saturation | Blood oxygen levels | Light emitting diode (LED) | |
Respiratory effort sensor | Strain sensor | |||
Stretchable respiration sensors | Respiratory disease monitoring and diagnosis | Resistive humidity sensors | [28] | |
Cardiological data | Heart rate | Physical load | Electrocardiogram (ECG) | [34] |
Heart rate variability | Recovery and stress | |||
Skeletal muscle analysis | Electrical activity in muscles | Muscular abnormities, nervous system functioning | Electromyogram (EMG) | [35] |
Muscular fatigue, injury probability | ||||
Continuous exercise monitoring through body motion analysis | Biomechanical data | Body position, postural control and team interaction | Accelerometers, pressure sensors, inertial measurement unit gyroscope | |
Foot movement pattern | GAIT analysis |