Table 2 Characteristics of athletes with insufficient (< 30 ng/mL) and sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) serum 25-OH vitamin D concentrations
Characteristics | Insufficient | Sufficient | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
(< 30 ng/mL) | (≥ 30 ng/mL) | ||
n = 34 | n = 78 | ||
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
Serum 25-OH vitamin D (ng/mL) | 21.9 ± 5.9 | 41.6 ± 8.6 | < 0.001 |
Age (years) | 27.4 ± 5.9 | 25.6 ± 4.8 | 0.13 |
Weight (kg) | 93.5 ± 11.1 | 92.6 ± 10.6 | 0.66 |
Height (cm) | 190.0 ± 8.1 | 189.4 ± 7.2 | 0.71 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 1.5 | 25.8 ± 1.9 | 0.81 |
Training time per week (h) | 16.2 ± 3.7 | 17.2 ± 3.4 | 0.28 |
Professional training (years) | 10.23 ± 5,8 | 9.82 ± 5 | 0.77 |
Parathyroid hormone (ng/mL) | 40.5 ± 16.0 | 32.0 ± 18.2 | 0.02 |
Calcium (mmol/l) | 2.3 ± 0.14 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 0.14 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 14.8 ± 1.0 | 15.0 ± 0.9 | 0.40 |
Hematocrit (%) | 42.5 ± 2.4 | 42.6 ± 2.3 | 0.86 |
Ferritin (ng/ml) | 108.0 ± 52.5 | 139.5 ± 73.3 | 0.05 |
Magnesium (mmol/l) | 0.82 ± 0.07 | 0.82 ± 0.05 | 0.98 |
Maximal aerobic power (w/kg) | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 3.9 ± 0.9 | 0.03 |
Maximal workload (watt max.) | 330.9 ± 85.7 | 363.1 ± 94.0 | 0.08 |
Heart rate at rest (bpm) | 58.5 ± 8.6 | 58.8 ± 10.9 | 1.00 |
Maximum heart rate (bpm) | 175 ± 16.4 | 176.9 ± 10.0 | 0.62 |
Systolic blood pressure at rest (mmHg) | 119.1 ± 11.4 | 120.1 ± 8.3 | 0.58 |
Diastolic blood pressure at rest (mmHg) | 80.2 ± 7.2 | 74.7 ± 6.9 | 0.004 |
Max. systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 186.3 ± 18.7 | 193.7 ± 21.2 | 0.14 |
Max. diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 86.8 ± 6.7 | 87.3 ± 9.9 | 0.79 |
LVEF (%; echocardiography) | 66.5 ± 4.7 | 65.5 ± 4.6 | 0.40 |
Stroke volume (ml, echocardiography) | 84.0 ± 17.5 | 87.5 ± 17.4 | 0.51 |