Table 1 General descriptive characteristics of the seven included studies
References | Study design | Number of participants | Race information | Event distance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Griffiths et al. [21] | Retrospective cohort | n = 347 (f = 45) | Mountain bike event in Wales, UK | Multiple distances: 25–90 km |
Lareau and McGinnis [8] | Survey | Cross-country n = 111 (f = 58); endurance n = 337 (f = 18) | Mountain bikers taking part in any one of 6 events in the USA | 2 × 6-h races 2 × 6–12 h races 2 × 24-h races |
McGrath and Yehl [13] | Prospective cohort | n = 52 | All cyclists in the inaugural Trans-Sylvania Mountain Bike Epic Race | 7-day stage race (376 km total) |
Mexia et al. [22] | Retrospective cohort | n = 11,721 (f = 1852) | Birkenbeinerittet race (2009) in Norway | 95 km |
Stoop et al. [19] | Retrospective cross-sectional observational survey | n = 99 (f = 0) | Participants of the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike event 2017 | 5-day stage race (342 km total) |
Stuart et al. [23] | Retrospective cohort | n = 537 | Participants in race in British Columbia | 67 km |
Taylor and Ranse [20] | Cross-sectional retrospective audit | n = 14,777 (f = 1847) | All cyclists in the Australian 24-h championships | 24-h race in teams (mean of 74 km per cyclist) |