Table 1 Summary of the participant’s background
| Characteristic | Findings | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country of residence |
Total: N = 298/female: N = 42 |
USA: n = 145 (48.7%)/n = 11 (26.2%) |
Australia: n = 43 (14.4%)/n = 12 (28.6%) |
UK: n = 36 (12.1%)/n = 6 (14.3%) |
Canada: n = 16 (5.4%)/n = 4 (9.5%) |
Other: n = 58 (19.40%a)/ n = 9 (21%) | |||
| Current primary sport |
Total: N = 298/female: N = 42 |
Boxing: n = 61 (20.5%)/n = 8 (19%) |
Brazilian jiu-jitsu: n = 58 (19.5%)/n = 6 (14.3%) |
Muay Thai/kickboxing: n = 46 (15.4%)/n = 10 (23.8%) |
Wrestling: n = 43 (14.4%)/n = 1 (2.4%) |
Mixed Martial Arts: n = 30 (10.1%)/n = 5 (11.9%) |
Judo: n = 26 (8.7%)/n = 1 (2.4%) |
Taekwondo: n = 24 (8.1%)/n = 9 (21.4%) |
Karate: n = 10 (3.4%)/n = 2 (4.8%) |
| Current level of competition |
Total: N = 298/female: N = 42 |
Amateurs: n = 115 (38.6%) / n = 18 (42.9) |
Regional/state: n = 99 (33.2%)/n = 6 (14.3%) |
National or international: n = 56 (18.8%)/n = 14 (33.3%) |
Semi-professional: n = 13 (4.4%)/n = 2 (4.7%) |
Professional: n = 15 (5%)/n = 2 (4.7%) |