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Table 1 Study characteristics

From: Effectiveness of Resistance Training and Associated Program Characteristics in Patients at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Study

Country

Number of participants

Age

Metabolic risk criteria

Duration (weeks)

Medications

Findings

Alvarez et al. [40]

Chile

CON=13 RT=8

CON= 40.1 ± 11.4

RT=33.9 ± 9.3

Elevated glucose

12

NR

↓HOMA-IR, FPG (p=0.011) with RT

Dai et al. [47]

China

CON=35 RT=31

CON=55–75

RT=55–75

Prediabetes

96

Lipid lowering (3 CON, 6 RT)

↓HbA1c, FPG (p<0.001), TC, LDL (p<0.001), TG (p=0.03), and ↑HDL (p<0.001) with RT

Devallance et al. [48]

USA

CON=16 RT=14

CON=51 ± 4

RT=51 ± 3

Metabolic syndrome

8

Antihypertensive (41% CON, 38% RT). Cholesterol lowering (19% CON, 23% RT)

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Flández et al. [49]

Chile

CON=20 RT=20

CON=46.47 ± 3.71

RT= 46.47 ± 3.71

Metabolic syndrome

12

NR

↓HbA1c (p<0.05) with RT

Huffman et al. [50]

USA

CON=20 RT=20

CON=18–70

RT=18–70

Dyslipidemia

24

NR

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Korkmaz et al. [45]; Venojärvi et al. [46]

Finland

CON=40 RT=36

CON=54 ± 1

RT=40–65

Impaired glucose regulation

12

Lipid lowering (25% CON, 22% RT). Antihypertensive (30% CON, 33% RT).

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Levinger et al. [51]

Australia

CON=15 RT=15

CON=52.3 ± 5.8

RT=51.6 ± 7.1

Metabolic risk factors according to the International Diabetes Federation

10

Antihypertensives, cholesterol lowering, and metformin.

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Levinger et al. [52]

Australia

CON=14 RT=15

CON=51.21 ± 7.33

RT=51 ± 7

Metabolic risk factors according to the International Diabetes Federation

10

Antihypertensives, cholesterol lowering, and metformin.

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Mager et al. [53]

Finland

CON=18 RT=14

CON=60 ± 7

RT=60 ± 7

Impaired fasting glucose and 2 metabolic syndrome factors

33

NR

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Marcus et al. [54]

USA

CON=6 RT=10

CON=53.2 ± 6.5

RT=56.3 ± 6.4

Impaired glucose tolerance

12

NR

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Stensvold et al. [55]

Norway

CON=11 RT=11

CON=47.3 ± 10.2

RT=50.9 ± 7.6

Metabolic syndrome

12

Antihypertensive and lipid lowering. (4 CON, 8 RT).

↓WC with RT

Turri-Silva et al. [56]

Brazil

CON=12 RT=19

CON=51.21 ± 7.33

RT=51.42 ± 5.22

Metabolic syndrome

12

NR

No significant changes in outcomes of interest

Yuan et al. [44]

China

CON=83 RT=82

CON=60.73 ± 5.83

RT=59.91 ± 5.92

Prediabetes

24

Antihypertensives and cholesterol lowering.

↓HbA1c (p<0.001), BMI, SBP (p<0.05) with RT

Yan et al. [43]

China

CON=35 RT=35

CON=60.31 ± 7.56

RT=62.06 ± 8.11

Prediabetes

24

NR

↓FPG (p=0.004) with RT

  1. NR not reported, CON control, RT resistance training, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, FPG fasting plasma glucose, TC total cholesterol, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HDL high-density lipoprotein, BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure