Table 3 Significant differences in muscle activation and kinetic outcomes between the walking/carrying exercises
From: Correction to: The biomechanics and applications of strongman exercises: a systematic review
| Farmers walk [35] | LH suitcase carry [35] | RH suitcase carry [35] | Yoke walk [35] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle activity (%MVC) | ||||
| Left upper erector spinae | 77.6 ± 29.3 ‡ | 47.1 ± 6.20 | 32.4 ± 4.60 *☼ | 69.3 ± 17.5 ‡ |
| Right upper erector spinae | 91.4 ± 54.7 † | 24.9 ± 17.6 *‡☼ | 52.1 ± 17.3 † | 65.6 ± 14.4† |
| Left lower erector spinae | 106 ± 51.1 † | 31.6 ± 10.1 *‡☼ | 77.4 ± 21.3 † | 79.2 ± 10.2 † |
| Right lower erector spinae | 144 ± 36.7 ‡ | 96.9 ± 20.4 ‡ | 44.1 ± 9.10 *†☼ | 107 ± 31.5 ‡ |
| Left latissimus dorsi | 169 ± 55.4 *‡ | 97.4 ± 55.7 | 68.9 ± 23.2 ☼ | 51.9 ± 26.4 ☼ |
| Right latissimus dorsi | 152 ± 26.7 *† | 65.3 ± 6.20 ☼ | 91.4 ± 39.1 | 45.5 ± 31.7 ☼ |
| Left external oblique | 39.3 ± 30.6 † | 12.6 ± 5.30 *‡☼ | 61.5 ± 21.9 † | 47.5 ± 31.7 † |
| Right external oblique | 50.4 ± 17.4 ‡ | 65.1 ± 24.4 ‡ | 29.0 ± 17.8 *†☼ | 58.8 ± 17.4 ‡ |
| Right rectus abdominis | 13.3 ± 3.80 | 14.6 ± 4.50 | 5.60 ± 1.80 * | 22.3 ± 18.1 ‡ |
| Right gluteus maximus | 114 ± 70.3 ‡ | 78.2 ± 39.5 | 50.5 ± 31.2 *☼ | 113 ± 52.1 ‡ |
| Right gluteus medius | 108 ± 66.9 ‡ | 64.1 ± 38.7 | 57.3 ± 23.6 *☼ | 108 ± 69.7 ‡ |
| Right bicep femoris | 54.0 ± 13.7 † | 31.2 ± 7.50 *‡ ☼ | 48.3 ± 8.6 † | 61.7 ± 6.30 † |
| Right rectus femoris | 77.4 ± 35.6 | 41.1 ± 9.20 * | 56.5 ± 11.5 * | 107 ± 23.5 †‡ |
| Kinetic | ||||
| Muscular anterior/posterior shear (N) | 2800 † | 1680 ☼ | 1160 | 1890 |
| Muscular compressive load (N) | 7900 † | 5800 *☼ | 6700 | 7800 † |
| Muscular axial twist stiffness (Nm/rad) | 27,200 †‡ | 19,100 ☼ | 24,600 ☼ | 25,900 |
| Muscular flexion/extension stiffness (Nm/rad) | 35,600 | 24,000 * | 27,500 | 38,600 † |