Table 4 Group differences in the endpoints of body composition, physical activity, glucose and insulin indices and HRQOL at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months, reflecting the effect of PRT

 Total mass (kg)

1.5 (0.9)

0.09

0.5 (0.9)

0.60

− 1.0 (0.9)

0.30

 Total LBM (% total mass)

0.5 (0.8)

0.47

1.3 (0.8)

0.11

2.7 (0.8)

0.001

 Total BCM (% total mass)

1.0 (0.8)

0.21

1.3 (0.8)

0.10

1.9 (0.8)

0.02

 Total FM (% total mass)

− 0.4 (0.9)

0.65

− 1.1 (0.9)

0.25

− 3.1 (1.0)

0.002

 FM trunk (kg)

− 0.1 (0.7)

0.94

− 0.8 (0.7)

0.39

− 1.8 (0.8)

0.02

 Step count

12864 (7102)

0.08

7719 (7308)

0.30

19188 (7805)

0.02

 Physical functioning

0.3 (2.6)

0.89

− 2.1 (2.7)

0.45

1.3 (2.8)

0.63

 Role—physical

0.002 (2.1)

0.99

1.5 (2.2)

0.51

− 0.6 (2.3)

0.81

 Bodily pain

5.0 (2.3)

0.03

0.3 (2.4)

0.91

2.6 (2.5)

0.30

 General health

5.0 (2.4)

0.04

1.0 (2.6)

0.69

2.7 (2.6)

0.32

 Vitality

3.8 (2.4)

0.11

5.8 (2.5)

0.02

6.0 (2.5)

0.02

 Social functioning

2.7 (1.9)

0.15

4.2 (1.9)

0.03

2.1 (2.0)

0.31

 Role—emotional

1.8 (2.2)

0.43

2.6 (2.3)

0.28

1.9 (2.4)

0.43

 Mental health

2.8 (2.2)

0.21

3.7 (2.3)

0.12

4.9 (2.4)

0.04

 Physical component summary

1.6 (1.8)

0.40

− 1.7 (1.9)

0.37

− 0.1 (2.0)

0.97

 Mental component summary

3.4 (1.9)

0.08

5.7 (2.0)

0.006

5.5 (2.1)

0.01

 Glucose (mmol/L) fasting

− 0.1 (0.2)

0.73

0.2 (0.2)

0.34

0.01 (0.2)

0.94

 Insulin (IU/L) fasting

− 5.2 (3.8)

0.18

− 1.6 (3.9)

0.68

3.2 (4.1)

0.44

 Matsuda Index

2.5 (0.8)

0.004

0.4 (0.8)

0.64

− 0.04 (0.9)

0.96