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Table 7 Study results—asymmetries examined pre and post a loading protocol/task

From: The Influence of Exercise-Induced Fatigue on Inter-Limb Asymmetries: a Systematic Review

Study

Parameter

Pre

Post

p

ES (d)

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Bell et al. [7]

Peak vGRF

Male

16.68

14.53

15.92

14.02

0.94

0.05*

Pre vs. post

Female

14.55

11.67

14.91

17.81

0.03*

Loading rate

Male

25.80

19.64

25.49

18.02

0.43

0.02*

Female

19.71

17.28

26.11

25.66

0.37*

Bishop et al. [38]

SLCMJ

Jump height

Not stated

> 0.05 for all variables

N/A

Peak Force

CON Impulse

SLDJ

Jump height

RSI

Bromley et al. [16]

ECC impulse

14.24

N/A

32.00

N/A

< 0.05

3.15

CON impulse

7.73

N/A

10.50

N/A

> 0.05

0.31

peak force

14.71

N/A

31.85

N/A

< 0.05

2.8

jump height

4.65

N/A

17.22

N/A

> 0.05

1.18

peak landing impulse

5.89

N/A

8.51

N/A

> 0.05

0.62

peak landing force

7.22

N/A

9.13

N/A

> 0.05

0.32

Delextrat et al. [37]

Peak torque quadriceps

11.0*

7.2*

13.9*

14.2*

0.51*

0.40*

Peak torque hamstrings

13.2*

9.5*

11.8*

7.8*

0.68*

0.15*

Hecc:Qcon

10.4*

8.5*

13.7*

9.6*

0.27*

0.39*

Radzak et al. [35]

Kvert

4.66

3.28

3.07

2.03

0.034

0.49*

Pre vs. post

Maximum knee varus velocity

16.97

9.20

13.85

10.24

0.052

0.34*

Knee internal rotation excursion

15.37

6.50

29.40

11.81

0.001

2.16*

Loading rate

2.96

2.25

1.91

2.25

0.035

0.47*

Maximum absolute free moment

10.22

7.27

7.33

5.83

0.057

0.40*

Maximum adduction free moment

11.05

8.39

8.36

6.46

0.062

0.32*

Free moment at peak breaking force

17.22

20.91

10.90

13.28

0.018

0.30*

Knee stiffness

9.18

6.74

14.48

11.27

0.092

0.79*

Webster et al. [36]

vGRF

ACL

− 9.1

10.4

− 0.6

16.4

0.02

0.82*

Control group

1.9

15.2

1.7

14.4

N/A

0.01*

Knee joint moment

ACL

− 12.0

14.7

5.7

23.4

> 0.025

1.20*

Control group

3.8

25.5

3.5

21.9

N/A

0.01*

Hip joint moment

ACL

− 11.7

17.2

4.0

26.1

0.004

0.91*

Control group

− 6.5

20.2

2.8

26.6

N/A

0.46*

  1. ACLR anterior cruciate ligament rupture, CON concentric, ECC eccentric, ES effect size, Hecc:Qcon functional ratio of the peak eccentric torque of the hamstrings to the peak concentric torque of the quadriceps, Kvert vertical stiffness, N/A not available, RSI reactive strength index, SD standard deviation, SLCMJ single-leg countermovement jump, SLDJ single-leg drop jump, vGRF vertical ground reaction force
  2. *value was calculated post-hoc by the authors
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