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Table 3 Critical appraisal scores, Kennelly ratings [48], and risk of bias assessment based on modified Downs and Black [42]

From: The Relationship Between Physical Fitness Qualities and Sport-Specific Technical Skills in Female, Team-Based Ball Players: A Systematic Review

Study author (year)

Critical appraisal score (out of 21)

Kennelly rating

Risk of bias

Bojić and Pavlović (2015) [55]

11

Fair

Low

Brooks et al. (2013) [81]

7

Poor

High

Čavala et al. (2008) [56]

12

Fair

Low

Dyer et al. (2018) [87]

12

Fair

Low

Elliot and Smith (1983) [91]

12

Fair

Low

Eriksrud et al. (2019) [57]

10

Poor

Low

Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe et al. (2016) [88]

16

Good

Low

Garcia-Gil et al. (2018) [89]

15

Good

Low

Granados et al. (2008) [58]

14

Fair

Low

Granados et al. (2013) [59]

14

Fair

Low

Grgantov et al. (2007) [69]

10

Poor

High

Hoff and Almåsbakk (1995) [54]a

14

Poor

Low

Ikeda et al. (2018) [70]

14

Fair

High

Jelaska et al. (2015) [82]

12

Fair

Low

Kaminski et al. (2007) [83]

14

Fair

High

Karadenizli (2016) [60]

14

Fair

Low

Katić et al. (2007) [61]

7

Poor

High

Katić et al. (2006) [71]

12

Fair

Low

Kutlu et al. (2017) [84]

15

Good

Low

Marsh et al. (2010) [93]

14

Fair

Low

McGhie et al. (2018) [62]

15

Good

High

Melrose et al. (2007) [72]

15

Good

Low

Mielgo-Ayuso et al. (2015) [73]

15

Good

Low

Moss et al. (2015) [63]

14

Fair

Low

Mujika et al. (2009) [85]

14

Fair

Low

Perroni et al. (2018) [86]

14

Fair

Low

Piscitelli et al. (2016) [64]

15

Good

Low

Pugh et al. (2001) [94]

10

Poor

High

Ramos et al. (2019) [90]

12

Fair

Low

Saavedra et al. (2018) [65]

13

Fair

Low

Sattler et al. (2015) [74]

16

Good

Low

Sattler et al. (2016) [75]

15

Good

Low

Schwesig et al. (2016) [66]

15

Good

Low

Stamm (2004) [76]

12

Fair

Low

Stamm et al. (2005) [77]

13

Fair

Low

Stamm et al. (2003) [79]

14

Fair

Low

Stamm et al. (2001) [78]

14

Fair

Low

Tissera et al. (2019) [92]

12

Fair

Low

Valadés et al. (2016) [80]

14

Fair

Low

van den Tillaar and Ettema (2004) [67]

12

Fair

Low

Wagner et al. (2019) [68]

11

Fair

Low

  1. For all observational studies, a modified Kennelly rating was determined by raw critical appraisal score (out of 21) to assess the overall methodological quality of each study as either poor (≤ 10), fair (11–14), or good (≥ 15). Risk of bias rating, regardless of study design, was determined by internal validity subset items on the Downs and Black score (out of 6) as either low (≥ 4) or high (≤ 3)
  2. aIntervention study; therefore, Kennelly rating determined by raw critical appraisal score (out of 28) was utilised to assess the overall methodological quality as either poor (≤ 14), fair (15–19), or good (≥ 20)