Study | Modality (n) | Intervention period | Session duration | Weekly frequency | Weekly duration | Intensity | Volume |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Progressive aerobic training | |||||||
Alvarez et al. 2016 [12] | Interval: stimulus—running, recovery—walking (n = 13) Control (n = 10) | 16 weeks | Beginning: 22 min Final: 37.5 min | 3 | Beginning: 66 min Final: 112.6 min | Stimulus: 90–100% HRres Recovery: ≤ 70% HRres | – |
Belli et al. 2011 [28] | Walking (n = 9) Control (n = 10) | 12 weeks | Beginning: 20 min Final: 60 min | 3 | Beginning: 60 min Final: 180 min | HRVT | – |
Kadoglou et al. 2007 [35] | Walking or running on the treadmill/cycle ergometer (n = 29) Control (n = 27) | 26 weeks | Beginning: 30 min Final: 45 min | 4 | Beginning: 120 min Final: 180 min | Beginning: 50%VO2peak Gradual increase throughout the 26 weeks Final: 75%VO2peak | – |
Kadoglou et al. 2012 [44] | Walking or running on the treadmill/cycle ergometer (n = 21) Control (n = 7) | 26 weeks | Gradual increases until 4th week, reaching 45 min | 4 | 180 min | Beginning: 60% HRmax Final: 75% HRmax | – |
Lambers et al. 2008 [29] | Walking or running/cycle ergometer (n = 18) Control (n = 6) | 12 weeks | 50 min | 3 | 150 min | Beginning: 60%HRres Middle: 75%HRre Final: 85%HRre | – |
Mitranun et al. 2014 [23] | Interval training on the treadmill (it does not report if it is walking or running in the stimulus and recovery) (n = 14) Control (n = 8) | 12 weeks | Beginning: 20 min Middle: 20 min Final: 30 min | 3 | Beginning: 60 min Middle: 60 min Final: 90 min | Beginning: 50% VO2peak Middle: 80% VO2peak Final: 85% VO2peak | Beginning: 33.6 L O2 Middle: 36.2 L O2 Final: 53.7 L O2 |
Continuous on the treadmill (does not report if it is walking or running) (n = 14) Control (n = 8) | Beginning: 20 min Middle: 20 min Final: 30 min | 3 | Beginning: 60 min Middle: 60 min Final: 90 min | Beginning: 50% VO2peak Middle: 60% VO2peak Final: 65% VO2peak | Beginning: 33.6 L O2 Middle: 36.2 L O2Final: 53.7 L O2 | ||
Negri et al. 2010 [30] | Walking (n = 21) Control (n = 20) | 16 weeks | 45 min | 3 | 135 min | Beginning: low(NS) Final: moderate (NS) | – |
Oliveira et al. 2012 [31] | Cycle ergometer (n = 11) Control (n = 4) | 12 weeks | Beginning: 20 min Final: 50 min | 3 | From 60 to 150 min | HRLT | – |
Sentinelli et al. 2014 [32] | Nordic walking (n = 10) Control (n = 10) | 12 weeks | Beginning: 60 min Final: 90 min | 3 | Beginning: 180 min Final: 270 min | Beginning: low to moderate (NS) Final: moderate to high (NS) | Beginning: 4–5 km with slope of 7% of inclination Final: 7 km with slope of 14% of inclination |
Tomar et al. 2013 [33] | Walking or running on the treadmill/cycle ergometer (n = 12) Control (n = 12) | 12 weeks | NS | 3 | Increased every 4 weeks (NS) | Beginning: 40–50% HRmax; Gradual increase (NS) | – |
Vancea et al. 2009 [45] | Walking (n = 14) Control (n = 10) | 20 weeks | 30 min | 3 | 90 min | Beginning: 60% HRmax Final: 70% HRmax | – |
Walking (n = 9) Control (n = 7) | 30 min | 5 | 150 min | Beginning: 60% HRmax Final: 70% HRmax | – | ||
Yavari et al. 2012 [34] | Treadmill/elliptical/cycle ergometer (n = 20) Control (n = 7) | 52 weeks | Beginning: 20 min Final: 60 min | 3 | Beginning: 60 min Final: 180 min | Beginning: 60% HRmax Final: 75% HRmax | – |
Non-progressive aerobic training | |||||||
Blonk et al. 1994 [36] | Cycle ergometer (n = 26) Control (n = 27) | 26 weeks | 30 min | 2 | 60 min | 60–80%HRmax | – |
Church et al. 2010 [20] | Walking (n = 52) Control (n = 16) | 39 weeks | 50 min | 3 | 150 min | 50–80% VO2max | 12 kcal/kg/week |
Emereziani et al. 2015 [37] | Walking/cycle ergometer (n = 15) Control (n = 15) | 12 weeks | 30 min | 2 | 60 min | HRAT | – |
Giannopolou et al. 2005 [38] | Walking (n = 11) Control (n = 6) | 14 weeks | 50 min | 3 | 150 min | 65–70% VO2peak | Deficit of 200 kcal |
Jorge et al. 2011 [22] | Cycle ergometer (n = 12) Control (n = 4) | 12 weeks | 60 min | 3 | 180 min | HRLT | – |
Karstoft et al. 2013 [21] | Walking (continuous) (n = 11) Control (n = 4) | 17 weeks | 60 min | 5 | 300 min | 55% VO2peak | – |
Walking (interval) (n = 11) Control (4) | 60 min | 5 | 300 min | 70% VO2peak (3 min above, 3 min below) | – | ||
Kwon et al. 2001 [39] | Walking (n = 13) Control (n = 8) | 12 weeks | 60 min | 5 | 300 min | Moderate (NS) | 4 to 6 METs |
Middlebrooke et al. 2006 [40] | Not reported (n = 15) Control (n = 30) | 26 weeks | 30 min | 3 | 90 min | 70–80% HRmax | – |
Nuttamon- warakul et al. 2012 [46] | Aquatic training (n = 20) Control (n = 20) | 12 weeks | 30 | 3 | 90 min | 70% HRmax | – |
Parra-Sanchez et al. 2015 [41] | Walking (n = 47) Control (n = 41) | 12 weeks | 40 min | 2 | 80 min | Velocity which allowed to speak without stuttering | – |
Shenoy et al. 2009 [42] | Walking (n = 10) Control (n = 5) | 16 weeks | 30 min | 3 | 90 min | – | – |
Yan et al. 2014 [43] | Not reported (low intensity) (n = 22) Control (n = 6) | 12 weeks | 45 min | 3–5 | 135 to 225 min | 50% VO2max | – |
Not reported (high intensity) (n = 9) Control (n = 4) | 45 min | 3 | 135 min | 75% VO2max | – |