The effect of resistance training interventions on weight status in youth: a meta-analysis

Collins, Helen; Fawkner, Samantha; Booth, Josephine N.; Duncan, Audrey

doi:10.1186/s40798-018-0154-z

Sports Medicine - Open

Table 2 Description of included studies/data sets

From: The effect of resistance training interventions on weight status in youth: a meta-analysis

Study	Country	Participant details						Intervention details				Outcome measures	Quality score
Study	Country	N	Age (years ± SD) or range	Pubertal stage (Tanner)	Weight status	% males	Sex of training group	Location	Weeks/× per week (min per session)	Sets/reps /intensity	Exercises	Outcome measures	Quality score
Benson et al. 2008 [33]	New Zealand	EG 37	EG 12.3 ± 1.3	1–5	Mixed	59%	Mixed	Community	8 weeks/× 2	2 sets,8 reps, 80%1RM	Bicep screw curl, tricep extension, one arm dumbbell row, one dumbbell front raise, bench press, standing leg abduction, standing leg curl, calf raise, squat, abdominal crunch, abdominal reverse crunch.	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI), body fat (%), fat free mass (kg), fat mass (kg), waist circumference (cm)	2
Benson et al. 2008 [33]	New Zealand	CG 41	CG 12.2 ± 1.3	1–5	Mixed	59%	Mixed	Community	8 weeks/× 2	2 sets,8 reps, 80%1RM			2
Chaouachi 2014 (a) [34]	Tunisia	EG 17	EG 11 ± 1	1–2	Healthy	100%	Males	Community	12 weeks/× 2	1–3 sets, 8–12 reps, /	Squats, lunges, alternate flat and incline chest press, unilateral shoulder flies or presses	Body mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Chaouachi 2014 (a) [34]	Tunisia	CG 13	CG 11 ± 1	1–2	Healthy	100%	Males	Community	12 weeks/× 2	1–3 sets, 8–12 reps, /		Body mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Chaouachi et al. 2014 (b) [34]	Tunisia	EG 17	EG 11 ± 1	1–2	Healthy	100%	Males	Community	12 weeks/× 2	1–3 sets, 8–12 reps, Max weight, good form	Cleans, snatches, shoulder push press, kettlebell/dumbbell cross body pull.	Body mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Chaouachi et al. 2014 (b) [34]	Tunisia	CG 11	CG 11 ± 1	1–2	Healthy	100%	Males	Community	12 weeks/× 2	1–3 sets, 8–12 reps, Max weight, good form		Body mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Dos Santos Cunha et al. 2015 [35]	Brazil	EG 9	EG 10.4 ± 0.5	1	Healthy	100%	Males	School	12 weeks/× 3 (60 m)	3 sets, 6–15 reps, 60–80%1RM	Knee extension, elbow flexion, leg curl, bench press, hip adduction, inverse fly, and hip abduction	Body mass (kg), body fat (%), fat free mass (g), fat mass (g)	1
Dos Santos Cunha et al. 2015 [35]	Brazil	CG 9	CG 10.9 ± 0.7	1	Healthy	100%	Males	School	12 weeks/× 3 (60 m)	3 sets, 6–15 reps, 60–80%1RM			1
Davis et al. 2009 [36]	USA	EG 17	EG 15.5 ± 1	4–5	O/W	/	/	Community	16 weeks/× 2 (60 m)	1–3 sets, 3–15 reps, 62–97% 1RM	Session 1 = leg press, deadlift, biceps curl, triceps extension, shoulder press. Session 2 = bench press, lat pull down, leg extension, leg curl, calf raises	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI), BMI percentile, BMI z score, fat mass (kg), lean mass (kg)	2
Davis et al. 2009 [36]	USA	CG 21	CG 15.5 ± 1	4–5	O/W	/	/	Community	16 weeks/× 2 (60 m)	1–3 sets, 3–15 reps, 62–97% 1RM			2
Dorgo et al. 2009 [37]	USA	EG 63	EG 16 ± 1.2	/	Healthy	/	/	School	18 weeks/× 3 (80 m)	2–4 sets, 8–14 reps, partner resistance	Squat, seated chest press, bent-over row, seated row, lat pulldown, leg extension, overhead triceps extension, step lunge, shoulder press, seated fly, Romanian deadlift, good-morning, shoulder press, upright row, lying triceps extension, seated back extension, extended arm pressdown, standing biceps curl	Body mass index (BMI), skinfolds (mm)	2
Dorgo et al. 2009 [37]	USA	CG 129	CG 15.8 ± 1.1	/	Healthy	/	/	School	18 weeks/× 3 (80 m)	2–4 sets, 8–14 reps, partner resistance		Body mass index (BMI), skinfolds (mm)	2
Faigenbaum et al. 1993 [38]	USA	EG 14	EG 10.8	1–2	Healthy	68%	Mixed	/	8 weeks/× 2 (35 m)	3 sets, 10–15 reps, 50–100%1RM	Leg extension, leg curl, overhead press, bicep curl, chest press	Body mass (kg), skinfolds (mm), waist circumference (cm)	2
Faigenbaum et al. 1993 [38]	USA	CG 10	CG 9.9	1–2	Healthy	68%	Mixed	/	8 weeks/× 2 (35 m)	3 sets, 10–15 reps, 50–100%1RM		Body mass (kg), skinfolds (mm), waist circumference (cm)	2
Lau et al. 2004 [30]	Hong Kong	EG 21	10–17	/	Obese	68%	Mixed	Community	6 weeks/× 3(60 m)	3 sets > 5reps, 70–75%1RM	Chest press, lat pull down, shoulder press, leg press, leg extension, leg curl, heel raise, bicep curl, tricep extension, adjusted push-up	Body mass (kg), Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm), waist to hip ratio, lean mass (kg), fat mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Lau et al. 2004 [30]	Hong Kong	CG 17	10–17	/	Obese	68%	Mixed	Community	6 weeks/× 3(60 m)	3 sets > 5reps, 70–75%1RM			2
Lillegaard et al. 1997 (a) [39]	USA	EG 20	EG 11.2	1–2	Healthy	100%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3(60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM	Barbell curl, tricep extension, leg press, leg curl, lat pulldown, bench press	Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al. 1997 (a) [39]	USA	CG 18	CG 10.1	1–2	Healthy	100%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3(60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM		Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al. 1997 (b) [39]	USA	EG 16	EG 14	3–5	Healthy	100%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3(60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM	Barbell curl, tricep extension, leg press, leg curl, lat pulldown, bench press	Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al. 1997 (b) [39]	USA	CG 10	CG 13.1	3–5	Healthy	100%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3(60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM		Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al., 1997 (c) [39]	USA	EG 8	EG 9.5	1–2	Healthy	0%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3 (60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM	Barbell curl, tricep extension, leg press, leg curl, lat pulldown, bench press	Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al., 1997 (c) [39]	USA	CG 6	CG 9.6	1–2	Healthy	0%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3 (60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM		Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al. 1997 (d) [39]	USA	EG 8	EG 12.6	3–5	Healthy	0%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3 (60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM	Barbell curl, tricep extension, leg press, leg curl, lat pulldown, bench press	Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lillegaard et al. 1997 (d) [39]	USA	CG 5	CG 12.6	3–5	Healthy	0%	Mixed	/	12 weeks/× 3 (60 m)	3 sets, 10 reps, 10RM		Skinfolds (mm)	3
Lubans et al. 2010 (a) [40]	Australia	EG 15	EG 14.9 ± 0.6	/	Mixed	0%	Mixed	School—free time	8 weeks/× 2 (50 m)	2 sets, 8–12 reps, max reps	Squat, lunge, calf raise, bent over row, bench press, front raise, biceps curl, triceps extension, crunch and Russian twist	Body mass (kg), waist circumference (cm), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (kg), fat free mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Lubans et al. 2010 (a) [40]	Australia	CG 16	CG 14.5 ± 0.6	/	Mixed	0%	Mixed	School—free time	8 weeks/× 2 (50 m)	2 sets, 8–12 reps, max reps			2
Lubans et al. 2010 (b) [40]	Australia	EG 22	EG 15.3 ± 0.8	/	Mixed	100%	Mixed	School—free time	8 weeks/× 2 (50 m)	2 sets, 8–12 reps, max reps	Squat, lunge, calf raise, bent over row, bench press, front raise, biceps curl, triceps extension, crunch and Russian twist	Body mass (kg), waist circumference (cm), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (kg), fat free mass (kg), body fat (%)	2
Lubans et al. 2010 (b) [40]	Australia	CG 14	CG 14.8 ± 0.4	/	Mixed	100%	Mixed	School—free time	8 weeks/× 2 (50 m)	2 sets, 8–12 reps, max reps			2
Schranz et al. 2014 [41]	Australia	EG 30	EG 14.9 ± 1.4	2+	O/W/ obese	100%	Males	Community	24 weeks/× 3	1–3 sets, 8–12 reps, progress with good form	Bench press, leg press, lat pulldown, leg curl (lying or seated), shoulder press (seated), seated row, biceps curl, triceps pressdown, calf raise (seated) and abdominal crunch.	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI), skinfolds (mm), body fat (%), lean mass (kg)	1
Schranz et al. 2014 [41]	Australia	CG 26	CG 15.1 ± 1.6	2+	O/W/ obese	100%	Males	Community	24 weeks/× 3	1–3 sets, 8–12 reps, progress with good form			1
Schwingshandl et al. 1999 [42]	Austria	EG 14	EG 11 ± 2.5	/	Obese	43%	Mixed	Community	12 weeks/× 2 (60 m)	2 sets, 10 reps, 50–100%1RM	Lying leg press; seated leg extensions and leg curls; seated bench press; lat pulldown to the front and long pulley row; seated shoulder press; triceps pushdowns and triceps extension at the dips machine; dumbbell biceps curls; calf raises seated and crunches	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI) SDS, fat free mass (kg)	2
Schwingshandl et al. 1999 [42]	Austria	CG 16	CG 12.2 ± 2.7	/	Obese	43%	Mixed	Community	12 weeks/× 2 (60 m)	2 sets, 10 reps, 50–100%1RM			2
Shaibi et al. 2006 [43]	USA	EG 11	EG 15.1 ± 0.5	3+	O/W	100%	Males	Community	16 weeks/× 2	1–3 sets, 3–15 reps, 52–97%1RM	session 1 = Leg press, dead lift biceps curl, triceps extension, shoulder press, session 2 = bench press, lat pull down, leg extension, leg curl calf raises	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI) percentile, fat mass (kg), lean mass (kg), body fat %	1
Shaibi et al. 2006 [43]	USA	CG 11	CG 15.6 ± 0.5	3+	O/W	100%	Males	Community	16 weeks/× 2	1–3 sets, 3–15 reps, 52–97%1RM			1
Siegel et al. 1989 (a) [44]	USA	EG 26	EG 8.4	/	Healthy	100%	Mixed	School—free time	12 weeks/× 3 (30)	30 s work, 15 s rest, progress to 45 s work circuit training, body weights and weights up to 4.5lbs	Upper body self-supported locomotor movements (i.e., wheelbarrow, seal walk, crabwalk, etc.). A choreographed weight routine used tennis ball cans or detergent bottles filled with sand. Weights of 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 lb. were offered. The third format was circuit training using various types of accessories as resistance, tennis balls for squeezing, and strips of rubber tire to pull	Body mass (kg), skinfolds (mm), body fat (%)	1
Siegel et al. 1989 (a) [44]	USA	CG 30	CG 8.6	/	Healthy	100%	Mixed	School—free time	12 weeks/× 3 (30)			Body mass (kg), skinfolds (mm), body fat (%)	1
Siegel et al. 1989 (b) [44]	USA	EG 24	EG 8.7	/	Healthy	0%	Mixed	School—free time	12 weeks/× 3(30)	30 s work, 15 s rest, progress to 45 s work, circuit training, body weights and weights up to 4.5lbs	Upper body self-supported locomotor movements (i.e., wheelbarrow, seal walk, crabwalk, etc.). A choreographed weight routine used tennis ball cans or detergent bottles filled with sand. Weights of 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 lb. were offered. The third format was circuit training using various types of accessories as resistance, tennis balls for squeezing, and strips of rubber tire to pull	Body mass (kg), skinfolds (mm), body fat (%)	1
Siegel et al. 1989 (b) [44]	USA	CG 16	CG 8.4	/	Healthy	0%	Mixed	School—free time	12 weeks/× 3(30)			Body mass (kg), skinfolds (mm), body fat (%)	1
Sigal et al. 2014 [29]	Canada	EG 78	EG 15.9 ± 1.5	4–5	Obese	31%	Mixed	Community	24 weeks/× 4	2–3 sets, 6–15 reps, moderate for 15 reps then 8RM	1: Bench press, chest fly lateral raise, shoulder, shrugs, bicep curl, tricep press, abdominal crunches. 2: Incline bench press, incline chest fly, shoulder press, front raise, preacher curl, assisted tricep dips, sit-ups. 3: Squat, leg curl, front lat pull down, seated row, lunge straight leg raise, abdominal crunches. 4: Leg press, leg extension, dumbbell pullover, seated row, lying knee extensions	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (cm), body fat (%), fat mass (kg), lean mass (kg)	1
Sigal et al. 2014 [29]	Canada	CG 76	CG 15.6 ± 1.3	4–5	Obese	31%	Mixed	Community	24 weeks/× 4	2–3 sets, 6–15 reps, moderate for 15 reps then 8RM			1
Takai et al. 2013 [45]	Japan	EG 36	EG 13.6 ± 0.6	/	Healthy	100%	males	School—free time	8 weeks/× 4–6 (> 10 m)	100 reps, body weight	Squats	Body mass (kg), body mass index (BMI), body fat %, lean mass (kg)	1
Takai et al. 2013 [45]	Japan	CG 58	CG 13.8 ± 0.5	/	Healthy	100%	males	School—free time	8 weeks/× 4–6 (> 10 m)	100 reps, body weight	Squats		1
Treuth et al. 1998 [27]	USA	EG 11	EG 8.7 ± 0.7	1–2	Obese	0%	Females	School—free time	20 weeks/× 3 (20 m)	2 sets, 12–15 reps, 50%1RM	Bench press, military press, lat pull down, bicep curl, tricep extension, ab curls, leg press	Body mass (kg), body fat (%), fat mass (kg), lean mass (kg), fat free mass (kg)	1
Treuth et al. 1998 [27]	USA	CG 11	CG 8.4 ± 0.9	1–2	Obese	0%	Females	School—free time	20 weeks/× 3 (20 m)	2 sets, 12–15 reps, 50%1RM			1
Velez et al. 2010 [46]	USA	EG 13	EG 16.1 ± 0.2	/	Mixed	57%	Mixed	School	12 weeks/× 3 (90 m)	2–3 sets, 10–15 reps, 80% 10RM	Bench press, seated row, shoulder press, lat pulldowns, flies, bicep curls, and tricep pushdowns or lower body exercises including squats, Romanian dead lift, leg extensions, leg curls, lunges, and calf raises.	Body fat (%), lean mass (kg), fat mass (kg), body mass index (BMI)	2
Velez et al. 2010 [46]	USA	CG 15	EG 16.1 ± 0.2	/	Mixed	57%	Mixed	School	12 weeks/× 3 (90 m)	2–3 sets, 10–15 reps, 80% 10RM			2
Yoshimoto et al. 2016 [47]	Japan	EG 27	EG 13.8 ± 0.6	1–5	Healthy	0%	Females	School—free time	8 weeks/× 4–6 (> 10 m)	100 reps, body weight	Squats	Body mass (kg), Body mass index (BMI), body fat %, lean mass (kg)	1
Yoshimoto et al. 2016 [47]	Japan	CG 20	CG 13.8 ± 0.5	1–5	Healthy	0%	Females	School—free time	8 weeks/× 4–6 (> 10 m)	100 reps, body weight	Squats		1

Back to article page