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Table 4 Results from regression analyses comparing sporting (1) and non−sporting participants (0) on health−related quality of life, self−perceptions, global self−worth and exercise self−efficacy

From: Associations of sport participation with self-perception, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life among children and adolescents with a physical disability or chronic disease—a cross-sectional study

 

Model 1a

Model 2b

Model 3c

b

95% CI

b

95% CI

b

95% CI

DISABKIDS (DCGM−37)

 Mental independence (range 0–100)

6.06

(1.83; 10.3)

4.68

(0.18; 9.18)

5.75

(1.41; 10.1)

 Mental emotion (range 0–100)

6.32

(1.19; 11.5)

6.24

(0.74; 11.7)

7.06

(1.60; 12.5)

 Social inclusion (range 0–100)

11.0

(5.99; 16.0)

7.76

(2.56; 13.0)

8.86

(3.80; 13.9)

 Social inclusion (range 0–100)

7.56

(2.35; 12.8)

5.63

(0.11; 11.1)

6.79

(1.42; 12.2)

 Physical limitations (range 0 − 100)

6.75

(1.35; 12.1)

5.82

(0.05; 11.6)

7.02

(1.39; 12.6)

 Physical limitations (range 0 − 100)

n.a.

 

n.a.

 

n.a.

 

 General (31 items) (range 0 − 100)

7.50

(3.35; 11.7)

6.03

(1.63; 10.4)

7.09

(2.86; 11.3)

Self−perception profile for children (SPPC)

 Scholastic competence (6 items, range 6–24)

− 0.86

(−2.17; 0.45

− 0.36

(−1.76; 1.03

− 0.42

(− 1.81; 0.96

 Social acceptance (6 items, range 6–24)

1.63

(0.26; 3.01)

2.00

(0.52; 3.48)

2.01

(0.52; 3.50)

 Athletic competence (6 items, range 6–24)

1.90

(0.49; 3.31)

2.69

(1.21; 4.17)

2.65

(1.17; 4.12)

 Physical appearance (6 items, range 6–24)

− 0.50

(− 1.95; 0.94)

− 0.23

(− 1.79; 1.33)

− 0.26

(− 1.82; 1.31

 Behavioural conduct (6 items, range 6–24)

0.25

(− 0.87; 1.38)

0.48

(− 0.74; 1.69)

0.48

(− 0.74; 1.70)

 Global self-worth (6 items, range 6–24)

0.15

(− 0.93; 1.23)

0.50

(− 0.65; 1.66)

0.47

(− 0.68; 1.63)

Self−perception profile for adolescents (SPPA)

 Scholastic competence (5 items, range 5–20)

0.623

(− 1.249; 2.496)

0.504

(− 1.393; 2.401)

0.849

(− 1.242; 2.940)

 Social acceptance (5 items, range 5–20)

0.058

(− 1.856; 1.973

0.112

(− 1.844; 2.067)

1.173

(− 0.925; 3.270)

 Athletic competence (5 items, range 5–20)

2.385

(− 0.075; 4.845)

2.542

(0.043; 5.041)

3.319

(0.647; 5.992)

 Physical appearance (5 items, range 5–20)

− 0.013

(− 2.029; 2.004)

− 0.132

(− 2.183; 1.919)

−0.030

(− 2.283; 2.222)

 Behavioural conduct (5 items, range 5–20)

− 0.241

(− 1.791; 1.309)

− 0.401

(− 1.946; 1.144)

−0.181

(− 1.881; 1.520)

 Close friendship (5 items, range 5–20)

0.849

(− 0.592; 2.289)

0.676

(− 0.755; 2.108)

1.636

(0.269; 3.002)

 Global self-worth (5 items, range 5–20)

− 0.666

(− 2.545; 1.213)

− 0.832

(− 2.723; 1.059)

−0.360

(− 2.473; 1.753)

 

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Exercise self−efficacy (dichotomized, third tertile)

2.72

(1.47; 5.02)

2.24

(1.17; 4.27)

2.55

(1.30; 4.99)

  1. Italicize data indicate statistical significance
  2. aOnly adjusted for sex and age
  3. bFurther adjusted for school type
  4. cFurther adjusted for ACSM classification (recoded into two categories (cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic impairments vs musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, immunological, cancer, epileptic impairments/diseases)
  5. b, regression coefficient, reflects the difference in score between non−sporting (0) and sporting (1) children; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; n.a., not applicable, too few children who completed this scale
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