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Table 2 Responses to drop-jump protocol and impact on power output, running economy, and time trial performance

From: The Psychophysiological Regulation of Pacing Behaviour and Performance Fatigability During Long-Distance Running with Locomotor Muscle Fatigue and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Highly Trained Runners

 

Control (n = 22)

Intervention (n = 22)

p value

Effect size

Drop-jump protocol

 Perceptual responses

  Muscle discomfort pre*

1.0 ± 0.9

0.7 ± 0.6

n.s.

–

  Muscle discomfort post*

0.8 ± 0.8

2.4 ± 1.7

< 0.001

Large

  Unpleasantness pre*

0.8 ± 0.7

0.8 ± 0.8

n.s.

–

  Unpleasantness post*

0.8 ± 0.7

2.3 ± 1.6

< 0.001

Large

 Isokinetic power output test

  Knee extension pre* (W)

152 ± 40

150 ± 45

n.s.

–

  Knee extension post* (W)

150 ± 40

133 ± 45

< 0.001

Large

 Running economy test

  Oxygen cost (ml kg−1 km−1)

199 ± 11

205 ± 14

0.005

Small

  Energy cost (kcal kg−1 km−1)

0.99 ± 0.05

1.03 ± 0.07

0.002

Medium

  Carbohydrate usage (g min−1)

2.74 ± 0.78

3.17 ± 0.96

0.013

Small

  Heart rate (bpm)

158 ± 11

164 ± 11

0.001

Small

 Perceptual responses

  Perceived physical strain

12.3 ± 1.9

13.5 ± 1.9

0.001

Medium

  Perceived mental strain

6.2 ± 1.5

7.7 ± 1.6

< 0.001

Medium

  Valence

2.9 ± 1.3

1.5 ± 1.6

< 0.001

Medium

  Felt activation

3.8 ± 1.0

4.0 ± 0.7

n.s.

–

 Time trial times

  TT time (h:min:s)

1:23:11 ± 0:10:25

1:26:37 ± 0:11:36

< 0.001

Small

  2nd-half/1st-half split

0.1 ± 1.1

1.4 ± 2.2

0.003

Medium

  1. * = simple (main) group effects (using partial eta squared as effect size measure) of two-way repeated measures ANOVA after significant treatment * time interaction effect. TT = time trial. Data represented as mean ± SD