Table 4 Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Activity Characteristics Expressed as Mean (95% Confidence Intervals)

VO_2peak (ml/kg/min)

28.5 (27.3, 29.7)⁺

20.7 (19.5, 21.8)⁺

14.9 (12.8, 16.9)⁺

–

VO_2peak (L/min)

2478.2 (2333.0, 2623.5)⁺

1749.0 (1613.1, 1884.9)⁺

1273.8 (1030.7, 1516.8)⁺

–

VO_2peak-lean (ml/kg/min)

45.2 (43.4, 47.0)⁺

34.8 (33.2, 36.5)⁺

26.8 (23.8, 29.8)⁺

0.670

VAT (ml/kg/min)

20.7 (19.3, 22.1)⁺

14.6 (13.3, 15.9)⁺

11.2 (8.9, 13.6)⁺

0.494

VE/VCO₂ slope

30.1 (28.2, 32.1)*^✝

37.4 (35.6, 39.2)^✝

38.5 (35.2, 41.7)^*

0.354

VO₂/HR (ml/beat)

17.0 (15.8, 18.2)⁺

13.8 (12.7, 14.9)⁺

11.3 (9.4, 13.3)⁺

0.311

OUES

2718.3 (2555.3, 2881.3)*^✝

1963.5 (1811.1, 2116.0)^✝

1699.0 (1426.2, 1971.7)^*

0.485

eBR (%)

30.3 (23.6, 36.9)

28.1 (22.0, 34.3)

37.0 (26.0, 48.1)

0.028

Peak HR (bpm)

147 (141, 153)^*✝

128 (122, 134)^✝

119 (108, 129)^*

0.308

Peak RER

1.13 (1.09, 1.12)^*

1.09 (1.05, 1.12)^x

0.97 (0.91, 1.04)*^x

0.181

Peak RPE

18 (17, 19)

18 (17, 19)

17 (15, 18)

0.072

1 min HR recovery (bpm)

− 36 (− 32, − 40)^*

− 30 (− 26, − 34)^x

− 18 (− 11, −25)*^x

0.209

2 min HR recovery (bpm)

− 54 (− 50, − 59)⁺

− 45 (− 40, − 49)⁺

− 32 (− 25, −38)⁺

0.312

3 min HR recovery (bpm)

− 60 (− 56, − 65)⁺

− 49 (− 45, − 53)⁺

− 37 (− 30, −44)⁺

0.359

6 min HR recovery (bpm)

− 67 (− 62, − 71)⁺

− 54 (− 50, − 58)⁺

− 41 (− 33, − 48)⁺

0.377

Exercise test duration (s)

963.2 (916.3, 1010.1)⁺

747.8 (703.9, 791.6)⁺

488.3 (409.8, 566.8)⁺

0.635

METs

8.1 (7.8, 8.5)⁺

5.9 (5.6, 6.2)⁺

4.3 (3.7, 4.8)⁺

–

Maximal CPET (%)

26 (93)

26 (81)

6 (60)

 0.058

Achieves 150 min of moderate activity per week (%)

18 (64)⁺

9 (28)

5 (50)

 0.011^**

Achieves 75 min of vigorous activity per week (%)

7 (25)⁺

1 (3)

0 (0)

 0.013^**