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Table 1 Exercise protocols A and B performed during WBV

From: The effect of long-term confinement and the efficacy of exercise countermeasures on muscle strength during a simulated mission to Mars: data from the Mars500 study

Time (min)

Frequency (Hz)

Exercise

Protocol A

 1

16–18

Warm-up

 2–4

16–18

Rapid shallow sit ups

 5

16–18

Squats (4 s down; 4 s up)

 6

16–18

Two-footed vertical jumps on the balls of feet

 7–8

 

Break

 9–10

16–18

Pelvis movements (alternating hip flexion and extension)

 11

16–18

Maximal hip flexion

 12

16–18

Maximal hyperextension

 13

16–18

Hands behind head and twist the body maximally clockwise, then anti-clockwise

 14

16–18

Hip adduction reaching towards the ankle with the hand whilst the other hand reaches into the air. Movement is only in the frontal plane

Protocol B*

 1

16–18

Warm-up

 2

24–25

Rapid shallow sit ups

 3

24–25

Basic stance

 4–6

24–25

Deep squat

 7–9

 

Break

 10–11

24–25

Basic stance. Deep prised (posture skier) within a maximum time

 12–13

24–25

Heels keep

 14–16

 

Break

 17–18

24–25

Basic stance (24–25 Hz) ‘Lifting the socks’ action

Example warm-up

 1

16–18

Crew member stands in a vertical position (with slightly bent knees, and the feet in the basic stance)

  1. *20 kg tabard is worn throughout all Protocol B exercises