Table 1 Study characteristics of included articles investigating postural stability in single-leg stance
Study | Country | Group | Sample size | Sex | Age, years (mean ± SD/range) | Time from: 1) Injury-test 2) Injury-surgery 3) Surgery-test (mean ± SD/median [range]) | Associated injuries | Balance task | Measures/device considered |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clark et al. [13] | Australia | ACLR, ST R/L: 19/24 PRP | 45 | 30 male 15 female | 26.0 ± 9.8 (15–53 years) | 2) 3.8 ± 3.77 months (0.32–23.97 months) 3) 10.72 ± 4.25 months (5.65–20.4 months) | Meniscus repair (n = 10) | SLS, flexion, EO 3 × 30 s | Sway amplitude mean velocity Wii Balance Board |
Healthy matched controls | 45 | 30 male 15 female | 26.4 ± 9.8 (15–52 years) | N | |||||
Dauty et al. [16] | France | ACLR, PT/ST R/L: 21/14 PRP | 35 | 26 male 9 female | 25.5 ± 5.8 | 1) 7.4 months (1–13 months) | NR | SLS, flexion, EO 3 × 12 s | Sway area AP path length ML path length Medicapteurs QFP stabilometric platform |
Healthy controls | 35 | 26 male 9 female | 24.9 ± 5.9 | N | |||||
Fernandes et al. [18] | Brazil | ACLD, CT 14 DL PRP | 14 | 11 male 3 female | 25.0 ± 7.2 | 1) 9.29 ± 9.59 months (3–18 months) | N | SLS, EO 3 × 30 s | Sway area AP amplitude ML amplitude Sway velocity Loran engineering EPS pressure platform |
Healthy controls | 14 | 10 male 4 female | 25.0 ± 2.8 | N | |||||
Hoffman et al. [27] | USA | ACLR, PT | 20 | 8 male 12 female | 23.4 ± 5.79 | 2) 9.52 months (3–30 months) | CD | SLS, EO 4 × 20 s | Sway path linear mean Kistler force plate |
Healthy matched controls | 20 | 13 male 7 female | 24.0 ± 4.07 | CD | |||||
Kouvelioti et al. [33] | Greece | ACLR, ST PRP | 15 | NR | 24.37 ± 3.50 | 3) 24 months | NR | SLS, front raise, EO 1 × 30 s | Sway area AMTI AccuSway force platform |
Healthy controls | 10 | NR | 26.75 ± 2.37 | N | |||||
Mohammadi et al. [38] | Iran | ACLR, PT/ST DL/nDL: 16/12 PRP | 30 | 22 male 8 female | 25.0 ± 2.7 | 3) 8.4 ± 1.8 months (6–10 months) | Meniscus injury (n = 16) | SLS, flexion, EO 3 × 30 s | AP sway amplitude ML sway amplitude AP sway velocity ML sway velocity mean velocity Kistler force plate |
Healthy matched controls | 30 | 24 male 6 female | 24.8 ± 2.4 | N | |||||
Negahban et al. [40] | Iran | ACLD, CT | 27 | 27 male | 26.74 ± 5.84 | 1) 21.6 ± 26.76 months | NR | SLS, semiflexion, EO 3 × 20 s | Mean velocity Bertec force platform |
Healthy matched controls | 27 | 27 male | 26.29 ± 5.07 | N | |||||
Sayuri Tookuni et al. [52] | Brazil | ACLD, CT R/L: 8 ⁄ 11 PRP | 19 | 18 male 1 female | 15–33 | NR | NR | SLS, flexion, EO 3 × 10 s | Total path length AP path length ML path length maximum speed Tekscan F-Scan mat |
Healthy controls | 19 | 11 male, 8 female | 18–30 | N | |||||
Shiraishi et al. [53] | Japan | ACLR, IT PRP ACLD, CT | 53 30 | 22 male 31 female 15 male 15 female | 25.3 ± 6.6 (18–44) 23.7 ± 5.3 (18–39) | 2) 25.2 ± 21.6 months (0.25–84 months) 3) 45.6 ± 18 months (24–72 months) 1) > 4 months | Meniscus injury (n = 33) | SLS front raise, EO 3 × 20 s | Total path length ANIMA GS-10 Gravicorder |
Healthy controls | 30 | 15 male 15 female | 22.7 ± 2.9 (19–29) | N | |||||
Soltani et al. [57] | Iran | ACLD copper CT ACLD non-copper CT | 5 10 | NR | 26.0 ± 3.0 24.0 ± 2.0 | 1) 18.2 ± 5.0 months 1) 13.0 ± 7.4 months | N | SLS, EO 5 × 10 s | Path line length Sway velocity Zebris platform |
Healthy matched controls | 15 | NR | 23.7 ± 2.4 | N | |||||
Zouita Ben Moussa et al. [62] | Tunisia | ACLR, PT | 26 | NR | 22.0 ± 3.11 | 3) 24 ± 0.25 months | NR | SLS, EO 3 × 10 s | Sway velocity NeuroCom Balance Master platform |
Healthy matched controls | 20 | NR | 23.96 ± 2.02 | N |