Table 2 A summary of the results of studies investigating the influence of 0.3 g kg⁻¹ sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) supplementation on whole-body and isolated muscle incremental exercise to volitional exhaustion

Raymer et al. ‘04 [60]

Isolated (forearm)

1:1 contraction-relaxation cycle; initial resistance 1.0 kg then increased 0.22 kg min⁻¹

~12 % improvement

Sostaric et al. ‘05 [65]

Isolated (concentric finger flexion)

30 rep min⁻¹; initial resistance 2.6 ± 0.22 W then increased 0.17 W min⁻¹

~25 % improvement

Poulus et al. ‘74 [74]

Whole-body (cycling)

Fixed cadence with 10 W min⁻¹ increased until volitional exhaustion)

No effect

Jones et al. ‘77 [32]

Whole-body (cycling)

20 min at power output ~33 % VO₂max, then 20 min at 66 % VO₂max, then 95 % VO₂max to volitional exhaustion

~40 % improvement

Sutton et al. ‘81 [33]

Whole-body (cycling)

20 min at power output ~33 % VO₂max, then 20 min at 66 % VO₂max, then 95 % VO₂max to volitional exhaustion

~30 % improvement

Kowalchuk et al. ‘84 [35]

Whole-body (cycling)

Increased 16 W min⁻¹ at 60 rpm

No effect

Housh et al. ‘91 [75]

Whole-body (cycling)

Continuous (2-min stages) physical work capacity test (PWC_FT) starting at 60 W to volitional exhaustion

No effect